Acta NaturaeActa NaturaeActa Naturae2075-8251Acta Naturae Ltd2769710.32607/actanaturae.27697ReviewsОбзорыReview ArticleTumor necrosis factor inhibitorsБлокаторы фактора некроза опухолиTregubchakT. V.ТрегубчакТ. В.
Russian Federation
snshchel@rambler.ruShchelkunovS. N.ЩелкуновС. Н.
Russian Federation
snshchel@rambler.ruState Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, RospotrebnadzorФедеральное бюджетное учреждение науки «Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор» Роспотребнадзора220420261814231105202527012026Copyright ©; 2026, Tregubchak T.V., Shchelkunov S.N.Copyright ©; 2026, Трегубчак Т.В., Щелкунов С.Н.2026Tregubchak T.V., Shchelkunov S.N.Трегубчак Т.В., Щелкунов С.Н.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/27697

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases affect a substantial proportion of the global population, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) plays a central role in their pathogenesis. The most common diseases include rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Crohn’s disease, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and septic shock. All of these conditions are characterized by excessive production of TNF, which activates downstream signaling pathways contributing to disease development and progression. To improve the quality of life in patients with TNF overproduction, anti-TNF agents such as TNF receptors and monoclonal antibodies are used. However, the availability of these therapies is limited. Therefore, the development of novel, more affordable TNF inhibitors with comparable efficacy and improved safety remains a pressing issue. This review summarizes recent advances in the development of promising TNF inhibitors, including those derived from orthopoxvirus immunomodulatory proteins.

Население всего мира страдает от множества иммуноопосредованных воспалительных заболеваний, в патогенезе которых решающее значение отводится фактору некроза опухоли (tumor necrosis factor, TNF). К таким заболеваниям относятся прежде всего ревматоидный артрит, болезнь Крона, псориаз, рассеянный склероз, септический шок и др. При всех этих заболеваниях наблюдается гиперпродукция TNF, которая запускает молекулярные пути развития патологий. Для улучшения качества жизни пациентов, у которых диагностированы заболевания, обусловленные гиперпродукцией TNF, в первую очередь применяются анти-TNF-препараты на основе клеточных рецепторов TNF и моноклональных антител. Однако доступность таких препаратов для населения ограничена. В этой связи актуальной остается разработка новых более доступных TNF-блокаторов, которые, не уступая по терапевтической эффективности используемым препаратам, будут вызывать меньшие побочные эффекты. В обзоре рассмотрены новейшие данные по созданию перспективных TNF-блокаторов, в том числе на основе белков ортопоксвирусов.

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