Acta NaturaeActa NaturaeActa Naturae2075-8251Acta Naturae Ltd2767310.32607/actanaturae.27673Research ArticlesЭкспериментальные статьиResearch ArticleMicroglia and astrocytes in the lateral vestibular nuclei of mice after vestibular stimulationМикроглия и астроциты в латеральных вестибулярных ядрах мышей после вестибулярной стимуляцииMikheevaI. B.МихееваИ. Б.
Russian Federation
mikheirina@yandex.ruZhuikovaN. S.ЖуйковаН. С.
Russian Federation
mikheirina@yandex.ruFedorovD. A.ФедоровД. А.
Russian Federation
mikheirina@yandex.ruAntonovaO. Yu.АнтоноваО. Ю.
Russian Federation
mikheirina@yandex.ruPavlikL. L.ПавликЛ. Л.
Russian Federation
mikheirina@yandex.ruArkhipovV. I.АрхиповВ. И.
Russian Federation
mikheirina@yandex.ruInstitute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of SciencesФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт теоретической и экспериментальной биофизики РАН2204202618172781704202512082025Copyright ©; 2026, Mikheeva I.B., Zhuikova N.S., Fedorov D.A., Antonova O.Y., Pavlik L.L., Arkhipov V.I.Copyright ©; 2026, Михеева И.Б., Жуйкова Н.С., Федоров Д.А., Антонова О.Ю., Павлик Л.Л., Архипов В.И.2026Mikheeva I.B., Zhuikova N.S., Fedorov D.A., Antonova O.Y., Pavlik L.L., Arkhipov V.I.Михеева И.Б., Жуйкова Н.С., Федоров Д.А., Антонова О.Ю., Павлик Л.Л., Архипов В.И.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/27673

BALB/C mice were subjected to vestibular loading (rotation in individual containers at a speed of 80 rpm) for 8 h. As a result of this loading, the animals exhibited a decrease in horizontal and vertical locomotor activity, which returned to the control levels after 5 days. An immunohistochemical study of microglia and astrocytes in the lateral vestibular nuclei (LVN) revealed elevated levels of protein markers for astrocytes (GFAP) and microglia (Aif1) one hour and 5 days after the stimulation. These changes were indicative of a gradual development of neuroinflammation in the LVN, which lasted for at least 5 days. Microglia, which appeared in branched shape in control animals, acquired an amoeboid reactive shape after vestibular loading. Moreover, expression of the genes coding for these proteins remained at the control level one hour after the stimulation and showed a reduction after 5 days. It is assumed that such a decrease helps resolve the neuroinflammation, preventing it from becoming chronic. Neuroinflammation in the acute phase is known to play a protective role and is required for plastic rearrangements of neuronal and glial networks. Transition to the chronic phase results in neuronal damage. The results of this study would allow one to determine the period when it is reasonable to use anti-inflammatory therapy to mitigate damage. The applied model of vestibular stimulation allows one to solve problems when studying plastic rearrangements in the brain structures of the vestibular system under high-intensity sensory load.

Мышей BALB/C подвергали вестибулярной нагрузке в течение 8 ч – вращению в индивидуальных контейнерах со скоростью 80 об/мин. После такой нагрузки наблюдали снижение горизонтальной и вертикальной активности животных, которая через 5 сут возвращалась к контрольному уровню. Иммуногистохимическое изучение микроглии и астроцитов в латеральных вестибулярных ядрах (ЛВЯ) выявило повышенный уровень белков-маркеров астроцитов (GFAP) и микроглии (Iba1) через 1 ч и через 5 сут после стимуляции. Эти изменения свидетельствуют о постепенном развитии нейровоспаления в ЛВЯ, которое продолжалось не менее 5 сут. Микроглия, имевшая у контрольных животных разветвленную форму, приобретала амебоидную реактивную форму после вестибулярной нагрузки. При этом экспрессия генов белков GFAP и Aif1 оставалась на уровне контроля через 1 ч после стимуляции и снижалась через 5 сут. Предполагается, что такое снижение способствует разрешению нейровоспаления, препятствуя тем самым его переходу в хроническую фазу. Известно, что нейровоспаление в острой фазе выполняет защитную роль и оно необходимо для пластических перестроек нейрональных и глиальных сетей, а переход в хроническую фазу приводит к повреждению нейронов. Результаты настоящей работы позволяют определить период, когда целесообразно применить противовоспалительную терапию для снижения нейрональных повреждений. Разработанная нами модель вестибулярной стимуляции позволяет изучать пластические перестройки в структурах вестибулярной системы мозга при интенсивной сенсорной нагрузке.

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