<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">27497</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.27497</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Activation of the ERK1/2 molecular pathways and its relation to the pathogenicity of human malignant tumors</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Активация молекулярных путей ERK1/2 и ее связь с патогенностью злокачественных опухолей человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Emelyanova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емельянова</surname><given-names>A. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>emelyanova_a_g@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolotovskaia</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Золотовская</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>emelyanova_a_g@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poddubskaya</surname><given-names>Е. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поддубская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>emelyanova_a_g@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Modestov</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Модестов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>emelyanova_a_g@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prassolov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прасолов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>prassolov45@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>emelyanova_a_g@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Buzdin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буздин</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации</p></bio><email>emelyanova_a_g@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский физико-технический институт</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт молекулярной биологии имени В.А. Энгельгардта РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биоорганической химии имени академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff5"><institution>PathoBiology Group, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-08-19"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-05"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Emelyanova A.G., Zolotovskaia М.А., Poddubskaya Е.V., Modestov А.А., Prassolov V.S., Kuzmin D.V., Buzdin A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Емельянова A.Г., Золотовская М.А., Поддубская Е.В., Модестов А.А., Прасолов В.С., Кузьмин Д.В., Буздин A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Emelyanova A.G., Zolotovskaia М.А., Poddubskaya Е.V., Modestov А.А., Prassolov V.S., Kuzmin D.V., Buzdin A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Емельянова A.Г., Золотовская М.А., Поддубская Е.В., Модестов А.А., Прасолов В.С., Кузьмин Д.В., Буздин A.A.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/27497">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/27497</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Mitogen-activated protein kinases, ERK1/2 (MAPK3/1), play a key role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. We have previously presented evidence proving that activation of the ERK1/2 axis in cancer cells following the administration of therapeutics leads to the overexpression of growth factor receptors and drug resistance. Recently, we have proposed a new bioinformatic technique that enables direct construction of interactome network-based molecular pathways for gene products of interest, as well as quantitation of their activation levels using high-throughput gene expression data. In this study, we, for the first time, algorithmically constructed ERK1/2 molecular pathways and investigated how their activation levels (PALs) affect survival and responsiveness to targeted drugs at the pan-cancer level based on transcriptomic data. We examined a total of 11 287 human tumor profiles from 31 types of cancer, drawn from 53 of our previously published and other literature datasets, looking at patient survival and clinical response to 29 chemo- and targeted therapy regimens. We found that activation of the ERK1/2 pathways has different prognostic significance depending on cancer type. In glioblastoma, sarcoma, lung, kidney, bladder, gastric, colon, and several other cancer types, ERK pathway activation was associated with worse survival. In contrast, the same phenomenon was associated with a better chance of survival in HER2+, luminal A and luminal B breast cancer, and uterine corpus cancer. These trends were consistent with treatment response analysis. At the same time, we found significantly worse associations with the expression levels of individual MAPK1 and MAPK3 genes: hence, ERK1/2 pathway activation levels can be considered putative biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes and selecting new personalized treatment strategies, such as the use of MAPK inhibitors.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Митоген-активируемые протеинкиназы ERK1/2 (MAPK3/1) играют ключевую роль в регуляции клеточного роста, дифференцировки и апоптоза. Ранее мы представили данные, свидетельствующие о том, что активация путей ERK1/2 в опухолевых клетках, связанная с применением терапевтических препаратов, приводит к избыточной экспрессии рецепторов факторов роста и развитию лекарственной резистентности. Недавно нами была предложена новая биоинформатическая методика, которая позволяет конструировать молекулярные пути на основе интерактомных сетей интересующих генных продуктов, а также количественно оценивать уровни их активации, используя данные генной экспрессии. В представленной работе впервые алгоритмически сконструированы молекулярные пути ERK1/2 и на основании транскриптомных данных рассмотрена связь уровней их активации с выживаемостью и ответом на таргетные препараты на уровне панопухолей. С целью оценки выживаемости и клинического ответа пациентов на 29 схем химио- и таргетной терапии изучены профили 11287 образцов 31 типа опухолей человека и 53 набора данных, ранее опубликованных нами или взятых из других источников. Обнаружено, что активация путей ERK1/2 имеет различную прогностическую значимость в зависимости от типа опухоли. При глиобластоме, саркоме, раке легкого, почки, мочевого пузыря, желудка, толстой кишки и некоторых других типах опухолей активация путей ERK ассоциировалась с низким уровнем выживаемости. При этом она была связана с лучшей выживаемостью при раке молочной железы (типы HER2+, люминальный А и люминальный В) и тела матки. Полученные данные согласуются с результатами анализа ответа на терапию. В то же время обнаружены существенно более слабые связи с экспрессией отдельных генов – MAPK1 и MAPK3. Таким образом, уровни активации путей ERK1/2 могут рассматриваться в качестве потенциальных биомаркеров для прогнозирования клинических исходов и подбора новых персонализированных стратегий лечения, таких как применение ингибиторов МАПК.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ERK1 MAPK3</kwd><kwd>ERK2 MAPK1</kwd><kwd>gene expression in cancer</kwd><kwd>ERK molecular pathway activation in oncogenesis</kwd><kwd>cancer survival biomarkers</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ERK1 MAPK3</kwd><kwd>ERK2 MAPK1</kwd><kwd>экспрессия генов при раке</kwd><kwd>активация молекулярных путей ERK при онкогенезе</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры выживаемости при раке</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>075-03-2024-117</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>22-14-00074</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>https://www.iarc.who.int/faq/latest-global-cancer-data-2020-qa. (Accessed June 13, 2024)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Wild C.P., Weiderpass E., Stewart B.W. World Cancer Report: Cancer Research for Cancer Prevention. // 2020 (Accessed June 15, 2024). https://publications.iarc.fr/Non-Series-Publications/World-Cancer-Reports/World-Cancer-Report-Cancer-Research-For-Cancer-Prevention-2020. (Accessed June 15, 2024)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Buzdin A., Sorokin M., Garazha A., Sekacheva M., Kim E., Zhukov N., Wang Y., Li X., Kar S., Hartmann C., et al. // Semin Cancer Biol. 2018. V. 53. P. 110–124.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Chappell W.H., Steelman L.S., Long J.M., Kempf R.C., Abrams S.L., Franklin R.A., Bäsecke J., Stivala F., Donia M., Fagone P., et al. // Oncotarget. 2011. V. 2. № 3. P. 135–164.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Steelman L.S., Chappell W.H., Abrams S.L., Kempf C.R., Long J., Laidler P., Mijatovic S., Maksimovic-Ivanic D., Stivala F., Mazzarino M.C., et al. // Aging (Albany NY). 2011. V. 3. № 3. P. 192–222.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Stefani C., Miricescu D., Stanescu-Spinu I.-I., Nica R.I., Greabu M., Totan A.R., Jinga M. // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021. V. 22. № 19. P. 10260.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Sanchez-Vega F., Mina M., Armenia J., Chatila W.K., Luna A., La K.C., Dimitriadoy S., Liu D.L., Kantheti H.S., Saghafinia S., et al. // Cell. 2018. V. 173. № 2. P. 321–337.e10.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Liu F., Yang X., Geng M., Huang M. // Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2018. V. 8. № 4. P. 552–562.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Lebedev T., Buzdin A., Khabusheva E., Spirin P., Suntsova M., Sorokin M., Popenko V., Rubtsov P., Prassolov V. // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022. V. 23. № 14. P. 7724.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Fu L., Chen S., He G., Chen Y., Liu B. // J. Med. Chem. 2022. V. 65. № 20. P. 13561–13573.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Mass R.D., Press M.F., Anderson S., Cobleigh M.A., Vogel C.L., Dybdal N., Leiberman G., Slamon D.J. // Clinical Breast Cancer. 2005. V. 6. № 3. P. 240–246.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Kamel H.F.M., Al-Amodi H.S.A.B. // Genomics. Proteomics &amp; Bioinformatics. 2017. V. 15. № 4. P. 220–235.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Ozerov I.V., Lezhnina K.V., Izumchenko E., Artemov A.V., Medintsev S., Vanhaelen Q., Aliper A., Vijg J., Osipov A.N., Labat I., et al. // Nat. Commun. 2016. V. 7. P. 13427.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Sorokin M., Borisov N., Kuzmin D., Gudkov A., Zolotovskaia M., Garazha A., Buzdin A. // Front Genet. 2021. V. 12. P. 617059.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Borisov N., Suntsova M., Sorokin M., Garazha A., Kovalchuk O., Aliper A., Ilnitskaya E., Lezhnina K., Korzinkin M., Tkachev V., et al. // Cell Cycle. 2017. V. 16. № 19. P. 1810–1823.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Lezhnina K., Kovalchuk O., Zhavoronkov A.A., Korzinkin M.B., Zabolotneva A.A., Shegay P.V., Sokov D.G., Gaifullin N.M., Rusakov I.G., Aliper A.M., et al. // Oncotarget. 2014. V. 5. № 19. P. 9022–9032.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Gudkov A., Shirokorad V., Kashintsev K., Sokov D., Nikitin D., Anisenko A., Borisov N., Sekacheva M., Gaifullin N., Garazha A., et al. // Front Mol. Biosci. 2022. V. 9. P. 753318.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Sorokin M., Poddubskaya E., Baranova M., Glusker A., Kogoniya L., Markarova E., Allina D., Suntsova M., Tkachev V., Garazha A., et al. // Cold Spring Harb. Mol. Case Stud. 2020. V. 6. № 2. P. a004945.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Sorokin M., Zolotovskaia M., Nikitin D., Suntsova M., Poddubskaya E., Glusker A., Garazha A., Moisseev A., Li X., Sekacheva M., et al. // BMC Cancer. 2022. V. 22. P. 1113.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Zhu Q., Izumchenko E., Aliper A.M., Makarev E., Paz K., Buzdin A.A., Zhavoronkov A.A., Sidransky D. // Hum. Genome Var. 2015. V. 2. P. 15009.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Zolotovskaia M., Tkachev V., Sorokin M., Garazha A., Kim E., Kantelhardt S.R., Bikar S.-E., Zottel A., Šamec N., Kuzmin D., et al. // Cancers (Basel). 2021. V. 13. № 16. P. 4117.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Zolotovskaia M., Kovalenko M., Pugacheva P., Tkachev V., Simonov A., Sorokin M., Seryakov A., Garazha A., Gaifullin N., Sekacheva M., et al. // Proteomes. 2023. V. 11. № 3. P. 26.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/. (Accessed June 4, 2024)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Tomczak K., Czerwińska P., Wiznerowicz M. // Contemp Oncol (Pozn.). 2015. V. 19. № 1A. P. A68–77.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Zakharova G., Efimov V., Raevskiy M., Rumiantsev P., Gudkov A., Belogurova-Ovchinnikova O., Sorokin M., Buzdin A. // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022. V. 24. № 1. P. 157.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Netanely D., Avraham A., Ben-Baruch A., Evron E., Shamir R. // Breast Cancer Research. 2016. V. 18. № 1. P. 74.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Eisenhauer E.A., Therasse P., Bogaerts J., Schwartz L.H., Sargent D., Ford R., Dancey J., Arbuck S., Gwyther S., Mooney M., et al. // European Journal of Cancer. 2009. V. 45. № 2. P. 228–247.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Borisov N., Sorokin M., Tkachev V., Garazha A., Buzdin A. // BMC Med Genomics. 2020. V. 13. № Suppl 8. P. 111.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Goldman M., Craft B., Swatloski T., Cline M., Morozova O., Diekhans M., Haussler D., Zhu J. // Nucleic Acids Res. 2015. V. 43. № Database issue. P. D812–D817.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/. (Accessed June 5, 2024)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Edgar R., Domrachev M., Lash A.E. // Nucleic Acids Res. 2002. V. 30. № 1. P. 207–210.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Kim E.L., Sorokin M., Kantelhardt S.R., Kalasauskas D., Sprang B., Fauss J., Ringel F., Garazha A., Albert E., Gaifullin N., et al. // Cancers (Basel). 2020. V. 12. № 2. P. 520.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Sorokin M., Raevskiy M., Zottel A., Šamec N., Skoblar Vidmar M., Matjašič A., Zupan A., Mlakar J., Suntsova M., Kuzmin D.V., et al. // Cancers (Basel). 2021. V. 13. № 14. P. 3419.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Borisov N., Sergeeva A., Suntsova M., Raevskiy M., Gaifullin N., Mendeleeva L., Gudkov A., Nareiko M., Garazha A., Tkachev V., et al. // Front Oncol. 2021. V. 11. P. 652063.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Zolotovskaia M.A., Tkachev V.S., Guryanova A.A., Simonov A.M., Raevskiy M.M., Efimov V.V., Wang Y., Sekacheva M.I., Garazha A.V., Borisov N.M., et al. // Comput Struct Biotechnol J. 2022. V. 20. P. 2280–2291.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Buzdin A., Tkachev V., Zolotovskaia M., Garazha A., Moshkovskii S., Borisov N., Gaifullin N., Sorokin M., Suntsova M. // Adv. Protein Chem. Struct. Biol. 2021. V. 127. P. 1–53.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Love M.I., Huber W., Anders S. // Genome Biology. 2014. V. 15. № 12. P. 550.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>https://www.r-project.org/. (Accessed June 6, 2024)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Kassambara A., Kosinski M., Biecek P., Fabian S. 2021. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/survminer/index.html. (Accessed June 6, 2024)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Therneau T.M., Lumley T., Elizabeth A., Cynthia C. 2024. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/survival/index.html. (Accessed June 6, 2024)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Ogle D.H., Doll J.C., Wheeler A.P., Dinno A. 2023. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/FSA/citation.html. (Accessed June 6, 2024)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Fox J, Weisberg S. 2019. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/car/citation.html. (Accessed June 6, 2024)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><mixed-citation>Wickham H. 2016. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-0-387-98141-3. (Accessed June 6, 2024)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><mixed-citation>Gu Z., Eils R., Schlesner M. // Bioinformatics. 2016. V. 32. № 18. P. 2847–2849.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><mixed-citation>Gao J., Pan H., Zhu Z., Yu T., Huang B., Zhou Y. // ABBS. 2020. V. 52. № 9. P. 975–987.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><mixed-citation>Tseng P.-C., Chen C.-L., Shan Y.-S., Chang W.-T., Liu H.-S., Hong T.-M., Hsieh C.-Y., Lin S.-H., Lin C.-F. // Cell Communication and Signaling. 2014. V. 12. № 1. P. 69.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B47"><label>47.</label><mixed-citation>Kawano T., Inokuchi J., Eto M., Murata M., Kang J.-H. // Cancers. 2022. V. 14. № 21. P. 5425.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B48"><label>48.</label><mixed-citation>Ahir B.K., Engelhard H.H., Lakka S.S. // Mol. Neurobiol. 2020. V. 57. № 5. P. 2461–2478.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B49"><label>49.</label><mixed-citation>Yu S., Zhang M., Huang L., Ma Z., Gong X., Liu W., Zhang J., Chen L., Yu Z., Zhao W., et al. // Aging (Albany NY). 2019. V. 11. № 24. P. 12295–12314.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B50"><label>50.</label><mixed-citation>Debets D.O., Graaf E.L. de, Liefaard M.C., Sonke G.S., Lips E.H., Ressa A., Altelaar M. // iScience. 2024. V. 27. № 6. https://www.cell.com/iscience/abstract/S2589-0042(24)01080-0. (Accessed June 11, 2024)</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
