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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17856</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.17856</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">MMP-9 mRNA Expression and Bridging Fibrosis Progression in Toxic Liver Injury</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Уровень мРНК MMP-9 и прогрессирование мостовидного фиброза при токсическом поражении печени</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1309-4248</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>Elena I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>Елена Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент, доцент кафедры гистологии, цитологии и эмбриологии</p></bio><email>lebedeva.ya-elenale2013@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5513-970X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Babenka</surname><given-names>Andrei S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабенко</surname><given-names>Андрей Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Bioorganic Chemistry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент, доцент кафедры биоорганической химии</p></bio><email>labmdbt@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2796-4240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchastniy</surname><given-names>Anatoly T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щастный</surname><given-names>Анатолий Тадеушевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Head of the Department of Surgery FPC and PC</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор, заведующий кафедрой хирургии ФПК и ПК</p></bio><email>lebedeva.ya-elenale2013@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Витебский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Belarussian State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-08-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-03-22"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-05-30"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Lebedeva E.I., Babenka A.S., Shchastniy A.T.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Лебедева Е.И., Бабенко А.С., Щастный А.Т.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lebedeva E.I., Babenka A.S., Shchastniy A.T.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лебедева Е.И., Бабенко А.С., Щастный А.Т.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/17856">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/17856</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Developing liver disease treatments, in which fibrosis is a key pathogenetic link, still remains an urgent problem in hepatology. In the present study, the level of <italic>mmp-</italic><italic>9</italic> mRNA expression and the number of FAP<sup>+</sup>, α-SMA<sup>+</sup>, CD45<sup>+</sup> cells were analyzed at nine time points of fibrosis and cirrhosis. It was found that in the case of liver fibrosis, the choice of the optimal reference gene depended on the stage of fibrogenesis. When studying the specific stages rather than the entire process in a long-term experiment, it was shown that choosing an optimal reference gene has to be done additionally. In this case, the <italic>mmp-</italic><italic>9</italic> mRNA expression level should be considered as a marker of liver fibrosis initiation and development but not as that of cirrhosis progression. In the liver, two morphologically heterogeneous populations of myofibroblasts were simultaneously identified as able to synthesize various types of immunohistochemical markers. It was found that the FAP+ cells were the main contributor to the development of portal fibrosis and the initial stages of bridging fibrosis. In the selected experimental model, fibrosis initiation and the development stages preceding parenchyma restructuring were accompanied by a low level of inflammation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Методы лечения заболеваний печени, при которых фиброз является ключевым патогенетическим звеном, до сих пор остаются актуальной проблемой гепатологии. Проведен анализ уровня мРНК MMP-9<italic>, </italic>количества FAP<sup>+</sup>-, α-SMA<sup>+</sup>-, CD45<sup>+</sup>-клеток в девяти временных точках фиброза и цирроза. Установлено, что в случае фиброза печени выбор оптимального референсного гена зависит от стадии фиброгенеза. При детальном изучении конкретных стадий, а не всего процесса в длительном эксперименте следует использовать дополнительный выбор оптимального референсного гена. Уровень экспрессии мРНК MMP-9 стоит рассматривать как маркер инициации и развития фиброза печени, но не прогрессирования цирроза. В печени одновременно выявлены две морфологически неоднородные популяции миофибробластов, которые синтезировали различные типы иммуногистохимических маркеров. Показано, что FAP<sup>+</sup>-клетки вносят основной вклад в развитие портального и начального этапа мостовидного фиброза. В выбранной экспериментальной модели инициация и развитие фиброза до начала перестройки паренхимы протекают с низким уровнем воспаления.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rats</kwd><kwd>liver</kwd><kwd>mmp-9 mRNA</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>FAP⁺₋, α-SMA⁺₋, CD45⁺₋cells</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>крысы</kwd><kwd>печень</kwd><kwd>мРНК MMP-9</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>FAP⁺₋, α-SMA⁺₋, CD45⁺₋клетки</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственной программы научных исследований «Фундаментальные и прикладные науки – медицине» Министерства Здравоохранения Республики Беларусь, задание 2.89 «Изучить роль экспрессии генов NOTCH- и TWEAK-сигнальных путей, участвующих в процессах пролиферации и дифференцировки клеток печени в норме и при ее токсическом поражении»</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the state research program “Fundamental and Applied Sciences for Medicine” of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus, task 2.89 “To study the role of the expression of NOTCH- and TWEAK-signaling pathway genes involved in the processes of proliferation and differentiation of liver cells in normal conditions and in its toxic defeat"</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>20190107</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Tsomidis I., Notas G., Xidakis C., Voumvouraki A., Samonakis D.N., Koulentaki M., Kouroumalis E. // Biomedicines. 2022. 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