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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11871</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.11871</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Relationship between the Gene Expression of Adenosine Kinase Isoforms and the Expression of CD39 and CD73 Ectonucleotidases in Colorectal Cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Связь экспрессии изоформ аденозинкиназы и эктонуклеотидаз CD39/CD73 в крови больных колоректальным раком</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6266-3289</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhulai</surname><given-names>Galina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жулай</surname><given-names>Галина Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, researcher, Laboratory for Genetics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории генетики</p></bio><email>zhgali-111@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shibaev</surname><given-names>Mikhail I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шибаев</surname><given-names>Михаил Игоревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Head of the Endoscopy Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий эндоскопическим отделением</p></bio><email>mshib@karelia.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии – обособленное подразделение Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки Федерального исследовательского центра «Карельский научный центр Российской академии наук»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Baranov Republican Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Республиканская больница имени В.А. Баранова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-08-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-07"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-04-03"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Zhulai G.A., Shibaev M.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Жулай Г.А., Шибаев М.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhulai G.A., Shibaev M.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жулай Г.А., Шибаев М.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11871">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11871</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Tumor cells have the capacity to create an adenosine-rich immunosuppressive environment, which can interfere with antitumor immunotherapy. Approaches are currently being developed with a view to suppressing the production of adenosine or its signals. Such approaches include the use of antibodies to inhibit CD39, CD73, and adenosine-receptor antagonists. However, the abundance of enzymatic pathways that control the ATP-adenosine balance, as well as the still poorly understood intracellular adenosine regulation, makes the hoped-for success unlikely. In the present study, the enzyme adenosine kinase (ADK) needed to convert adenosine to adenosine monophosphate, thereby regulating its levels, was investigated. To do so, peripheral blood samples from patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) (<italic>n</italic> = 31) were collected with blood samples from healthy donors (<italic>n</italic> = 17) used as controls. ADK gene expression levels and those of its long (<italic>ADK-L</italic>) and short (<italic>ADK-S</italic>) isoforms were measured. The relationship between the levels of <italic>ADK</italic> gene expression and that of <italic>CD</italic><italic>39</italic>, <italic>CD</italic><italic>73</italic>, and <italic>A</italic><italic>2</italic><italic>aR</italic> genes was analyzed. It turned out that in the group of CRC patients (stages III-IV), the level of <italic>ADK-L</italic> mRNA was lower (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.0011) when compared to that of the control. For the first time, an average correlation was found between the level of expression of <italic>CD</italic><italic>39</italic> and <italic>ADK-S</italic> (<italic>r</italic> = -0.468 at <italic>p</italic> = 0.043) and between <italic>CD</italic><italic>73</italic> and <italic>ADK-L</italic> (<italic>r</italic> = 0.518 at <italic>p</italic> = 0.0232) in CRC patients. Flow cytometry was used to assess the content of CD39/CD73-expressing CD8<sup>+</sup>, CD4<sup>+</sup> and Treg lymphocytes, as well as their relationship with the level of ADK gene expression in CRC patients. But no significant correlations were found.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Опухолевые клетки способны создавать богатую аденозином иммуносупрессорную среду, что может препятствовать успешной противоопухолевой иммунотерапии. В настоящее время разрабатываются подходы, нацеленные на подавление продукции аденозина или его сигналов, включая использование антител, ингибирующих CD39 или СD73, и антагонистов рецепторов аденозина. Однако изобилие путей, управляющих балансом АТP-аденозин, а также недостаточно изученные пути внутриклеточной регуляции аденозина не позволяют добиться ожидаемого успеха. Особый интерес представляет аденозинкиназа (ADK), фермент, который катализирует превращение аденозина в аденозинмонофосфат, регулируя тем самым его уровень. Изучен уровень экспрессии гена <italic>ADK</italic>, а также уровень мРНК его длинной (<italic>ADK</italic><italic>-</italic><italic>L</italic>) и короткой (<italic>ADK</italic><italic>-</italic><italic>S</italic>) изоформ в образцах периферической крови больных колоректальным раком (КРР) (<italic>n</italic> = 31) и в контрольных образцах крови здоровых доноров (<italic>n</italic> = 17). Проведен анализ взаимосвязи уровней экспрессии гена аденозинкиназы и генов <italic>CD</italic><italic>39</italic>, <italic>CD</italic><italic>73</italic> и <italic>A</italic><italic>2</italic><italic>aR</italic>. Показано, что в группе больных КРР с III–IV стадиями уровень мРНК <italic>ADK</italic><italic>-</italic><italic>L</italic> снижен (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001) по сравнению с контролем. У больных КРР впервые выявлена средняя корреляционная связь между уровнем экспрессии <italic>CD</italic><italic>39</italic> и <italic>ADK</italic><italic>-</italic><italic>S</italic> (<italic>r</italic> = -0.468 при <italic>p</italic> = 0.043) и между <italic>CD</italic><italic>73</italic> и <italic>ADK</italic><italic>-</italic><italic>L</italic> (<italic>r</italic> = 0.518 при <italic>p</italic> = 0.0232). С помощью проточной цитофлуориметрии оценено содержание CD8<sup>+</sup>, CD4<sup>+</sup> и регуляторных T-лимфоцитов, экспрессирующих CD39/CD73, и их связь с уровнем мРНК аденозинкиназы у больных КРР. Однако статистически значимых корреляционных связей не обнаружено.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adenosine kinase</kwd><kwd>ADK-S</kwd><kwd>ADK-L</kwd><kwd>CD39</kwd><kwd>СD73</kwd><kwd>CD8+ T cells</kwd><kwd>CD4+ T cells</kwd><kwd>Treg cells</kwd><kwd>colorectal cancer</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аденозинкиназа</kwd><kwd>ADK-S</kwd><kwd>ADK-L</kwd><kwd>CD39</kwd><kwd>CD73</kwd><kwd>CD8+ Т-клетки</kwd><kwd>CD4+ Т-клетки</kwd><kwd>Treg</kwd><kwd>колоректальный рак</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>21-75-00013</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Boison D., Yegutkin G.G. // Cancer Cell. 2019. 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