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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11755</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.11755</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">A Low-Molecular-Weight BDNF Mimetic, Dipeptide GSB-214, Prevents Memory Impairment in Rat Models of Alzheimer’s Disease</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Низкомолекулярный миметик BDNF, дипептид ГСБ-214, предотвращает ухудшение памяти у крыс на моделях болезни Альцгеймера</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3278-8915</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Povarnina</surname><given-names>Polina Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поварнина</surname><given-names>Полина Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, senior research scientist of the Laboratory of peptide bioregulators of the Department of drug chemistry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории пептидных биорегуляторов отдела химии лекарственных средств</p></bio><email>povarnina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Анна Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Faculty of Biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории пептидных биорегуляторов отдела химии лекарственных средств, биологический факультет</p></bio><email>volk3012@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorontsova</surname><given-names>Olga N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронцова</surname><given-names>Ольга Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории пептидных биорегуляторов отдела химии лекарственных средств</p></bio><email>vorontsova.olga@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamensky</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каменский</surname><given-names>Андрей Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Faculty of Biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор, зав. кафедрой физиологии человека и животных биологического факультета</p></bio><email>kamensky_msu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5185-4474</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gudasheva</surname><given-names>Tatiana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гудашева</surname><given-names>Татьяна Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор, член-корр. РАН, руководитель отдела химии лекарственных средств</p></bio><email>tata-sosnovka@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4482-9331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Seredenin</surname><given-names>Sergey B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Середенин</surname><given-names>Сергей Борисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, руководитель лаборатории фармакогенетики </p></bio><email>seredeninpharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт фармакологии им. В.В. Закусова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-06-16"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-10-17"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Povarnina P.Y., Volkova A.A., Vorontsova O.N., Kamensky A.A., Gudasheva T.A., Seredenin S.B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Поварнина П.Ю., Волкова А.А., Воронцова О.Н., Каменский А.А., Гудашева Т.А., Середенин С.Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Povarnina P.Y., Volkova A.A., Vorontsova O.N., Kamensky A.A., Gudasheva T.A., Seredenin S.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Поварнина П.Ю., Волкова А.А., Воронцова О.Н., Каменский А.А., Гудашева Т.А., Середенин С.Б.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11755">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11755</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the pharmacological use of full-length neurotrophin is limited, because of its macromolecular protein nature. A dimeric dipeptide mimetic of the BDNF loop 1, bis-(N-monosuccinyl-<italic>L</italic>-methionyl-<italic>L</italic>-serine) heptamethylene diamide (GSB-214), was designed at the Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology. GSB-214 activates TrkB, PI3K/AKT, and PLC-γ1<italic> in vitro</italic>. GSB-214 exhibited a neuroprotective activity during middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats when administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg and improved memory in the novel object recognition test (0.1 and 1.0 mg/kg, i.p.). In the present study, we investigated the effects of GSB-214 on memory in the scopolamine- and steptozotocin-induced AD models, with reference to activation of TrkB receptors. AD was modeled in rats using a chronic i.p. scopolamine injection or a single streptozotocin injection into the cerebral ventricles. GSB-214 was administered within 10 days after the exposure to scopolamine at doses of 0.05, 0.1, and 1 mg/kg (i.p.) or within 14 days after the exposure to streptozotocin at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg (i.p.). The effect of the dipeptide was evaluated in the novel object recognition test; K252A, a selective inhibitor of tyrosine kinase receptors, was used to reveal a dependence between the mnemotropic action and Trk receptors. GSB-214 at doses of 0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg statistically significantly prevented scopolamine-induced long-term memory impairment, while not affecting short-term memory. In the streptozotocin-induced model, GSB-214 completely eliminated the impairment of short-term memory. No mnemotropic effect of GSB-214 was registered when Trk receptors were inhibited by K252A.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Известно, что мозговой нейротрофический фактор (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF) вовлечен в патогенез болезни Альцгеймера (БА). Однако фармакологическое использование полноразмерного нейротрофина затрудняет его макромолекулярная белковая природа. В НИИ фармакологии им. В.В. Закусова создан дипептидный миметик BDNF – ГСБ-214 (гептаметилендиамид бис-(N-моносукцинил-<italic>L</italic>-метионил-<italic>L</italic>-серина), активирующий <italic>in</italic> <italic>vitro</italic> TrkB, PI3K/Akt и PLC-γ1. ГСБ-214 проявил нейропротекторную активность при транзиторной окклюзии средней мозговой артерии у крыс (в дозе 0.1 мг/кг, внутрибрюшинно (в/б)) и улучшил память в тесте распознавания нового объекта (0.1 и 1.0 мг/кг, в/б). Изучено влияние ГСБ-214 на память в условиях скополаминовой и стрептозотоциновой моделей БА в связи с активацией рецепторов TrkB. БА моделировали хроническим в/б введением скополамина или однократным введением стрептозотоцина в желудочки мозга крыс. ГСБ-214 вводили в течение 10 дней после окончания введения скополамина в дозах 0.05, 0.1 и 1 мг/кг (в/б) или в течение 14 дней после введения стрептозотоцина в дозе 0.1 мг/кг (в/б). Эффект дипептида оценивали в тесте распознавания нового объекта, зависимость мнемотропного действия от Trk-рецепторов выявляли, используя соединение K252A – специфический блокатор нейротрофиновых Trk-рецепторов. ГСБ-214 в дозах 0.05 и 0.1 мг/кг статистически значимо предотвращал вызванное скополамином ухудшение долговременной памяти и не влиял на кратковременную. На стрептозотоциновой модели ГСБ-214 полностью устранял ухудшение кратковременной памяти. Мнемотропный эффект ГСБ-214 не регистрировался при блокаде Trk-рецепторов K252A.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>brain-derived neurotrophic factor</kwd><kwd>dimeric dipeptide mimetic</kwd><kwd>Alzheimer’s disease</kwd><kwd>scopolamine</kwd><kwd>streptozotocin</kwd><kwd>memory</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мозговой нейротрофический фактор</kwd><kwd>димерный дипептидный миметик</kwd><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>скополамин</kwd><kwd>стрептозотоцин</kwd><kwd>память</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>2019 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures // Alzheimer’s Dementia. 2019. V. 15. № 3. P. 321–387.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Giuffrida M.L., Copani A., Rizzarelli E. // Aging (Albany. NY). 2018. V. 10. № 8. 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