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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11652</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.11652</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Favipiravir and Its Structural Analogs: Antiviral Activity and Synthesis Methods</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фавипиравир и его структурные аналоги: антивирусная активность, способы синтеза</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konstantinova</surname><given-names>Irina D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Константинова</surname><given-names>Ирина Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kid1968@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andronova</surname><given-names>Valeria L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андронова</surname><given-names>Валерия Львовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kid1968@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fateev</surname><given-names>Ilya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фатеев</surname><given-names>Илья Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kid1968@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Esipov</surname><given-names>Roman S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Есипов</surname><given-names>Роман Станиславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kid1968@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">FSBI «National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after the honorary academician N.F. Gamaleya» of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи Министерства здравоохранения России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-07-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-12-08"><day>08</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-05-24"><day>24</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Konstantinova I.D., Andronova V.L., Fateev I.V., Esipov R.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Константинова И.Д., Андронова В.Л., Фатеев И.В., Есипов Р.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Konstantinova I.D., Andronova V.L., Fateev I.V., Esipov R.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Константинова И.Д., Андронова В.Л., Фатеев И.В., Есипов Р.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11652">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11652</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>1,4-Pyrazine-3-carboxamide-based antiviral compounds have been under intensive study for the last 20 years. One of these compounds, favipiravir (6-fluoro-3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide, T-705), is approved for use against the influenza infection in a number of countries. Now, favipiravir is being actively used against COVID-19. This review describes the<italic> in vivo</italic> metabolism of favipiravir, the mechanism of its antiviral activity, clinical findings, toxic properties, and the chemical synthesis routes for its production. We provide data on the synthesis and antiviral activity of structural analogs of favipiravir, including nucleosides and nucleotides based on them.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Противовирусные соединения на основе 1,4-пиразин-3-карбоксамида активно изучаются последние 20 лет. Одно из соединений этого класса – фавипиравир (6-фтор-3-гидроксипиразин-2-карбоксамид, Т-705) – в ряде стран разрешен к применению против гриппозной инфекции. В настоящее время фавипиравир используют в качестве средства против COVID-19. В обзоре описаны метаболизм фавипиравира <italic>in vivo</italic>, механизм его противовирусного действия, результаты клинического изучения, токсические свойства, химические подходы к его получению. Приведены данные о синтезе и противовирусной активности структурных аналогов фавипиравира, в том числе нуклеозидов и нуклеотидов на их основе.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>6-fluoro-3-oxopyrazine-2-carboxamide</kwd><kwd>favipiravir</kwd><kwd>pyrazine-2-carboxamide</kwd><kwd>influenza</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>6-фтор-3-гидроксипиразин-2-карбоксамид</kwd><kwd>фавипиравир</kwd><kwd>пиразин-2-карбоксамид</kwd><kwd>грипп</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">РНФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>21-13-00429</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Woolhouse M., Scott F., Hudson Z., Howey R., Chase-Topping M. // Philosophical Transactions Royal Soc. 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