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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11478</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.11478</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Targeting Extracellular Vesicles to Dendritic Cells and Macrophages</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Таргетинг внеклеточных везикул к дендритным клеткам и макрофагам</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikova</surname><given-names>Leyla A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинникова</surname><given-names>Лейла Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>leyla_ovchinnikova@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filimonova</surname><given-names>Ioanna N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филимонова</surname><given-names>Иоанна Никитовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ioannishka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>Maria Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Мария Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>zakharova@ibch.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balabashin</surname><given-names>Dmitriy S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балабашин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dbalabashin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliev</surname><given-names>Teimour K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиев</surname><given-names>Теймур Кантамирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chemical faculty</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Химический факультет</p></bio><email>ta12345@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lomakin</surname><given-names>Yakov A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ломакин</surname><given-names>Яков Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>yasha.l@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabibov</surname><given-names>Alexander G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габибов</surname><given-names>Александр Габибович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chemical faculty</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Химический факультет</p></bio><email>vera.knorre@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-11-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>114</fpage><lpage>121</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-06-05"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-09-14"><day>14</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Ovchinnikova L.A., Filimonova I.N., Zakharova M.Y., Balabashin D.S., Aliev T.K., Lomakin Y.A., Gabibov A.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Овчинникова Л.А., Филимонова И.Н., Захарова М.Ю., Балабашин Д.С., Алиев Т.К., Ломакин Я.А., Габибов А.Г.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ovchinnikova L.A., Filimonova I.N., Zakharova M.Y., Balabashin D.S., Aliev T.K., Lomakin Y.A., Gabibov A.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Овчинникова Л.А., Филимонова И.Н., Захарова М.Ю., Балабашин Д.С., Алиев Т.К., Ломакин Я.А., Габибов А.Г.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11478">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11478</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Targeting protein therapeutics to specific cells and tissues is a major challenge in modern medicine. Improving the specificity of protein therapeutic delivery will significantly enhance efficiency in drug development. One of the promising tools for protein delivery is extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are enveloped by a complex lipid bilayer. EVs are secreted by almost all cell types and possess significant advantages: biocompatibility, stability, and the ability to penetrate the blood–brain barrier. Overexpression of the vesicular stomatitis virus protein G (VSV-G) was shown to promote EV formation by the producer cell. We have developed an EV-based system for targeted delivery of protein cargoes to antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In this study, we show that attachment of a recombinant llama nanobody α-CD206 to the N-terminus of a truncated VSV-G increases the selectivity of EV cargo delivery mainly to APCs. These results highlight the outstanding technological and biomedical potential of EV-based delivery systems for correcting the immune response in patients with autoimmune, viral, and oncological diseases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Направленная доставка белковых терапевтических препаратов в клетки и ткани-мишени является фундаментальной задачей современной медицины. Повышение специфичности этого процесса повысит эффективность разрабатываемых лекарств. Один из перспективных инструментов доставки терапевтических белковых агентов – внеклеточные везикулы (ВВ), представляющие собой двухслойные липидные частицы. ВВ секретируются почти всеми типами клеток и обладают важными преимуществами: биосовместимостью, стабильностью и возможностью проникать через гематоэнцефалический барьер. Сверхэкспрессия белка G вируса везикулярного стоматита (VSV-G), как показано ранее, способствует образованию ВВ клеткой-продуцентом. Нами разработана система адресной доставки содержимого ВВ в антигенпрезентирующие клетки – макрофаги и дендритные клетки. Показано, что добавление рекомбинантного антитела ламы α-CD206 к N-концу укороченной формы VSV-G повышает селективность доставки белковых препаратов ВВ преимущественно к макрофагам и дендритным клеткам. Полученные результаты подчеркивают выдающийся технологический и биомедицинский потенциал систем доставки с использованием ВВ для коррекции иммунного ответа у пациентов с аутоиммунными, вирусными и онкологическими заболеваниями.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>extracellular vesicles</kwd><kwd>nanocages</kwd><kwd>APC</kwd><kwd>targeted delivery</kwd><kwd>nanobody</kwd><kwd>CD206</kwd><kwd>VSV-G</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внеклеточные везикулы</kwd><kwd>наноконтейнеры</kwd><kwd>антигенпрезентирующие клетки</kwd><kwd>направленная доставка</kwd><kwd>наноантитело</kwd><kwd>CD206</kwd><kwd>VSV-G</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">грант РНФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">RSF grant</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>18-74-10079</award-id></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 18-74-10079</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РНФ №18-74-10079 “Самособирающиеся генетически кодируемые наноконтейнеры как инструмент лечения рассеянного склероза”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Sokolov A.V., Kostin N.N., Ovchinnikova L.A., Lomakin Y.A., Kudriaeva A.A. // Acta Naturae. 2019. 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