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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11387</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.11387</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Mechanism of Action of Monoclonal Antibodies That Block the Activity of the Lethal Toxin of <italic>Bacillus Anthracis</italic></article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Механизм блокирования активности летального токсина <italic>Bacillus anthracis</italic> моноклональными антителами</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-6516</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanenko</surname><given-names>Yana O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романенко</surname><given-names>Яна Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник Лаборатории молекулярной биологии</p></bio><email>muntian.jana@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7478-909X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">E-6458-2014</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3992-7400</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Riabko</surname><given-names>Alena K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябко</surname><given-names>Алена Константиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Научный сотрудник Лаборатории молекулярной биологии</p></bio><email>ryabko_alena@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0560-915X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6268-4202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Marin</surname><given-names>Maksim A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марьин</surname><given-names>Максим Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Научный сотрудник Лаборатории молекулярной биологии</p></bio><email>max_m-91@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3159-6439</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6729-3232</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kartseva</surname><given-names>Alena S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карцева</surname><given-names>Алена Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник Лаборатории молекулярной биологии</p></bio><email>kartseva_as@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5329-2807</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Silkina</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Силкина</surname><given-names>Марина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>marksil@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9667-1674</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3180-1459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shemyakin</surname><given-names>Igor G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шемякин</surname><given-names>Игорь Георгиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>shemyakin@obolensk.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-9894</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9166-9151</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Firstova</surname><given-names>Victoria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фирстова</surname><given-names>Виктория Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Главный научный сотрудник Лаборатории молекулярной биологии</p></bio><email>firstova@obolensk.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology of Rospotrebnadzor</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр прикладной микробиологии и биотехнологии Роспотребнадзора</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>98</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-03-19"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-03-23"><day>23</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Romanenko Y.O., Riabko A.K., Marin M.A., Kartseva A.S., Silkina M.V., Shemyakin I.G., Firstova V.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Романенко Я.О., Рябко А.К., Марьин М.А., Карцева А.С., Силкина М.В., Шемякин И.Г., Фирстова В.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Romanenko Y.O., Riabko A.K., Marin M.A., Kartseva A.S., Silkina M.V., Shemyakin I.G., Firstova V.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Романенко Я.О., Рябко А.К., Марьин М.А., Карцева А.С., Силкина М.В., Шемякин И.Г., Фирстова В.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11387">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11387</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Neutralization of the lethal toxin of Bacillus anthracis is an important topic of both fundamental medicine and practical health care, regarding the fight against highly dangerous infections. We have generated a neutralizing monoclonal antibody 1E10 against the lethal toxin of Bacillus anthracis and described the stages of receptor interaction between the protective antigen (PA) and the surface of eukaryotic cells, the formation of PA oligomers, assembly of the lethal toxin (LT), and its translocation by endocytosis into the eukaryotic cell, followed by the formation of a true pore and the release of LT into the cell cytosol. The antibody was shown to act selectively at the stage of interaction between Bacillus anthracis and the eukaryotic cell, and the mechanism of toxin-neutralizing activity of the 1E10 antibody was revealed. The interaction between the 1E10 monoclonal antibody and PA was found to lead to inhibition of the enzymatic activity of the lethal factor (LF), most likely due to a disruption of true pore formation by PA, which blocks the release of LF into the cytosol.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Нейтрализация летального токсина Bacillus anthracis представляет важную проблему как фундаментальной медицины, так и практического здравоохранения в разрезе борьбы с особо опасными инфекциями. Нами получено нейтрализующее моноклональное антитело 1Е10 против летального токсина B. аnthracis. Описаны этапы рецепторного взаимодействия протективного антигена с поверхностью эукариотических клеток, образования олигомеров протективного антигена, сборки летального токсина и его транслокации с помощью эндоцитоза в эукариотическую клетку с последующим образованием истинной поры и выходом летального токсина в цитозоль. Показано селективное действие антитела на стадии взаимодействия B. anthracis с эукариотической клеткой, выявлен механизм токсиннейтрализующей активности антитела 1Е10. Обнаружено, что взаимодействие моноклонального антитела 1Е10 с протективным антигеном приводит к ингибированию ферментативной активности летального фактора, по всей видимости, за счет нарушения формирования истинной поры протективного антигена, что блокирует выход летального фактора в цитозоль.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anthrax</kwd><kwd>monoclonal antibodies</kwd><kwd>toxin-neutralizing activity</kwd><kwd>cytometric analysis</kwd><kwd>protective antigen</kwd><kwd>lethal factor</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сибирская язва</kwd><kwd>моноклональные антитела</kwd><kwd>токсиннейтрализующая активность</kwd><kwd>цитометрический анализ</kwd><kwd>протективный антиген</kwd><kwd>летальный фактор</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bradley K.A., Mogridge J., Mourez M., Collier R.J., Young J.A. // Nature. 2001. V. 414. № 6860. 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