<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11375</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.11375</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Cardiovascular Effects of Snake Toxins: Cardiotoxicity and Cardioprotection</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сердечно-сосудистые эффекты токсинов змеиного яда: кардиотоксичность и кардиопротекция</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Averin</surname><given-names>Alexey S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аверин</surname><given-names>Алексей Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>averinas82@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Utkin</surname><given-names>Yuri N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уткин</surname><given-names>Юрий Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>utkin@mx.ibch.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences PSCBR RA</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биофизики клетки РАН – обособленное подразделение ФИЦ ПНЦБИ РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-11-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-03-09"><day>09</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-04-13"><day>13</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Averin A.S., Utkin Y.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Аверин А.С., Уткин Ю.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Averin A.S., Utkin Y.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аверин А.С., Уткин Ю.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11375">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11375</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Snake venoms, as complex mixtures of peptides and proteins, affect various vital systems of the organism. One of the main targets of the toxic components from snake venoms is the cardiovascular system. Venom proteins and peptides can act in different ways, exhibiting either cardiotoxic or cardioprotective effects. The principal classes of these compounds are cobra cardiotoxins, phospholipases A2, and natriuretic, as well as bradykinin-potentiating peptides. There is another group of proteins capable of enhancing angiogenesis, which include, e.g., vascular endothelial growth factors possessing hypotensive and cardioprotective activities. Venom proteins and peptides exhibiting cardiotropic and vasoactive effects are promising candidates for the design of new drugs capable of preventing or constricting the development of pathological processes in cardiovascular diseases, which are currently the leading cause of death worldwide. For example, a bradykinin-potentiating peptide from <italic>Bothrops jararaca</italic> snake venom was the first snake venom compound used to create the widely used antihypertensive drugs captopril and enalapril. In this paper, we review the current state of research on snake venom components affecting the cardiovascular system and analyse the mechanisms of physiological action of these toxins and the prospects for their medical application.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Яды змей, представляющие собой сложные смеси пептидов и белков, действуют на различные жизненно важные системы организма. Одной из основных мишеней токсических компонентов ядов змей является сердечно-сосудистая система. Присутствующие в ядах белки и пептиды могут действовать разнонаправленно, проявляя как кардиотоксические, так и кардиопротекторные эффекты. Основные классы таких соединений – кардиотоксины кобр, фосфолипазы А2, натрийуретические и брадикинин-потенцирующие пептиды. Имеется еще группа белков, которые могут усиливать ангиогенез и включают, например, эндотелиальные факторы роста сосудов, обладающие гипотензивным и кардиопротекторным эффектом. Белки и пептиды ядов, проявляющие кардиотропные и вазоактивные эффекты, рассматривают в качестве перспективной основы для создания новых лекарственных препаратов, способных предотвращать или замедлять развитие патологических процессов при сердечно-сосудистых заболеваниях, являющихся в настоящее время основной причиной смерти во всем мире. В частности, брадикинин-потенцирующий пептид из яда змеи <italic>Bothrops jararaca</italic> был первым соединением змеиного яда, на основе которого созданы гипотензивные препараты каптоприл и эналаприл, широко применяемые в настоящее время. В представленном обзоре рассмотрено современное состояние исследования компонентов змеиных ядов, воздействующих на сердечно-сосудистую систему, проанализированы механизмы физиологического действия этих токсинов и перспективы их медицинского применения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bradykinin-potentiating peptides</kwd><kwd>snake venom</kwd><kwd>cardioprotector</kwd><kwd>cardiotoxin</kwd><kwd>natriuretic peptide</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular system</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>брадикинин-потенцирующие пептиды</kwd><kwd>змеиный яд</kwd><kwd>кардиопротекторы</kwd><kwd>кардиотоксины</kwd><kwd>натрийуретические пептиды</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистая система</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">РФФИ в рамках научного проекта</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">RFBR</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>20-14-50134</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kakumanu R., Kemp-Harper B.K., Silva A., Kuruppu S., Isbister G.K., Hodgson W.C. // Sci. Repts. 2019. V. 9. № 1. P. 20231.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Péterfi O., Boda F., Szabó Z., Ferencz E., Bába L. // Molecules. 2019. V. 24. № 15. P. 2778.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Morais K.L.P., Ianzer D., Miranda J.R.R., Melo R.L., Guerreiro J.R., Santos R.A.S., Ulrich H., Lameu C. // Peptides. 2013. V. 48. P. 124–133.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Da Silva S.L., Dias-Junior C.A., Baldasso P.A., Damico D.C.S., Carvalho B.M.A., Garanto A., Acosta G., Oliveira E., Albericio F., Soares A.M., et al. // Peptides. 2012. V. 36. № 2. P. 206–212.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Ichiki T., Dzhoyashvili N., Burnett J.C. // Internat. J. Cardiol. 2019. V. 281. P. 166–171.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Park S.-A., Kim T.-G., Han M.-K., Ha K.-C., Kim S.-Z., Kwak Y.-G. // Exp. Mol. Med. 2012. V. 44. № 6. P. 363–368.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Mahjoub Y., Malaquin S., Mourier G., Lorne E., Abou Arab O., Massy Z.A., Dupont H., Ducancel F. // PLoS One. 2015. V. 10. № 7. P. e0132864.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Watanabe C., Hirano K., Kanaide H. // British J. Pharmacol. 1993. V. 108. № 1. P. 30–37.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Averin A.S., Astashev M.E., Andreeva T.V., Tsetlin V.I., Utkin Y.N. // Doklady. Biochem. Biophys. 2019. V. 487. № 1. P. 282–286.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Harvey A.L., Marshall R.J., Karlsson E. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 1982. V. 20. № 2. P. 379–396.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Kini R.M., Koh C.Y. // Biochem. Pharmacol. 2020. V. 181. P. 114105.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Wang C.-H., Wu W.-G. // FEBS Lett. 2005. V. 579. № 14. P. 3169–3174.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Yamazaki Y., Koike H., Sugiyama Y., Motoyoshi K., Wada T., Hishinuma S., Mita M., Morita T. // Eur. J. Biochem. 2002. V. 269. № 11. P. 2708–2715.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Monteiro D.A., Kalinin A.L., Selistre-de-Araujo H.S., Vasconcelos E.S., Rantin F.T. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 2016. V. 110. P. 1–11.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Monteiro D.A., Kalinin A.L., Selistre-de-Araújo H.S., Nogueira L.A.N., Beletti M.E., Fernandes M.N., Rantin F.T. // Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Toxicol. Pharmacol.: CBP. 2019. V. 215. P. 67–75.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Messadi E., Aloui Z., Belaidi E., Vincent M.-P., Couture-Lepetit E., Waeckel L., Decorps J., Bouby N., Gasmi A., Karoui H., et al. // J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 2014. V. 63. № 3. P. 274–281.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Takahashi H., Hattori S., Iwamatsu A., Takizawa H., Shibuya M. // J. Biol. Chem. 2004. V. 279. № 44. P. 46304–46314.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Bing R.J., Saeed M. // Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1987. V. 78. № 1. P. 81–88.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Huang H.-C., Lee C.Y. // Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1985. V. 118. № 1–2. P. 139–146.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Karabuva S., Lukšić B., Brizić I., Latinović Z., Leonardi A., Križaj I. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 2017. V. 139. P. 94–100.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Rodrigues M.A.P., Dias L., Rennó A.L., Sousa N.C., Smaal A., da Silva D.A., Hyslop S. // Toxicology. 2014. V. 323. P. 109–124.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Sciani J.M., Pimenta D.C. // J. Venom. Anim. Toxins Including Trop. Dis. 2017. V. 23. P. 45.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Sturrock E.D., Lubbe L., Cozier G.E., Schwager S.L.U., Arowolo A.T., Arendse L.B., Belcher E., Acharya K.R. // Biochem. J. 2019. V. 476. № 10. P. 1553–1570.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Cotton J., Hayashi M.A.F., Cuniasse P., Vazeux G., Ianzer D., de Camargo A.C.M., Dive V. // Biochemistry. 2002. V. 41. № 19. P. 6065–6071.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Hayashi M.A.F., Murbach A.F., Ianzer D., Portaro F.C.V., Prezoto B.C., Fernandes B.L., Silveira P.F., Silva C.A., Pires R.S., Britto L.R.G., et al. // J. Neurochem. 2003. V. 85. № 4. P. 969–977.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Babenko V.V., Ziganshin R.H., Weise C., Dyachenko I., Shaykhutdinova E., Murashev AN., Zhmak M., Starkov V., Hoang A.N., Tsetlin V., et al. // Biomedicines. 2020. V. 8. № 8. P. 249.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Camargo A.C.M., Ianzer D., Guerreiro J.R., Serrano S.M.T. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 2012. V. 59. № 4. P. 516–523.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakipova O.V., Averin A.S., Tarlachkov S.V., Kokoz Y.M. // Doklady Biological Sciences: Proc. Acad. Sci. USSR, Biol. Sci. Sect. 2013. V. 451. P. 203–208.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakipova O.V., Averin A.S., Tarlachkov S.V., Kokoz Y.M. // Doklady Biol. Sci. 2013. V. 451. P. 203–208.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Zhihao L., Jingyu N., Lan L., Michael S., Rui G., Xiyun B., Xiaozhi L., Guanwei F. // Heart Failure Rev. 2020. V. 25. № 3. P. 523–535.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Querobino S.M., Ribeiro C.A.J., Alberto-Silva C. // Peptides. 2018. V. 103. P. 90–97.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Ianzer D., Santos R.A.S., Etelvino G.M., Xavier C.H., de Almeida Santos J., Mendes E.P., Machado L.T., Prezoto B.C., Dive V., de Camargo A.C.M. // J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therapeutics. 2007. V. 322. № 2. P. 795–805.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>El-Saadani M.A.M., El-Sayed M.F. // Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Toxicol. Pharmacol.: CBP. 2003. V. 136. № 4. P. 387–395.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Morais K.L.P., Hayashi M.A.F., Bruni F.M., Lopes-Ferreira M., Camargo A.C.M., Ulrich H., Lameu C. // Biochem. Pharmacol. 2011. V. 81. № 6. P. 736–742.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Mueller S., Paegelow I., Reissmann S. // Signal Transduction. 2006. V. 6. № 1. P. 5–18.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Meems L.M.G., Burnett J.C. // JACC. Basic Translat. Sci. 2016. V. 1. № 7. P. 557–567.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Springer J., Azer J., Hua R., Robbins C., Adamczyk A., McBoyle S., Bissell M.B., Rose R.A. // J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 2012. V. 52. № 5. P. 1122–1134.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Brusq J.M., Mayoux E., Guigui L., Kirilovsky J. // Brit. J. Pharmacol. 1999. V. 128. № 1. P. 206–212.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Fry B.G., Wickramaratana J.C., Lemme S., Beuve A., Garbers D., Hodgson W.C., Alewood P. // Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2005. V. 327. № 4. P. 1011–1015.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Chen B.-Y., Chen J.-K., Zhu M.-Z., Zhang D.-L., Sun J.-S., Pei J.-M., Feng H.-S., Zhu X.-X., Jin J., Yu J. // PLoS One. 2011. V. 6. № 5. P. e20477.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Schweitz H., Vigne P., Moinier D., Frelin C., Lazdunski M. // J. Biol. Chem. 1992. V. 267. № 20. P. 13928–13932.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Soares M.R., Oliveira-Carvalho A.L., Wermelinger L.S., Zingali R.B., Ho P.L., Junqueira-de-Azevedo I.L.M., Diniz M.R.V. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 2005. V. 46. № 1. P. 31–38.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Amininasab M., Elmi M.M., Endlich N., Endlich K., Parekh N., Naderi-Manesh H., Schaller J., Mostafavi H., Sattler M., Sarbolouki M.N., et al. // FEBS Lett. 2004. V. 557. V. 1–3. P. 104–108.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><mixed-citation>Sridharan S., Kini R.M., Richards A.M. // Pharmacol. Res. 2020. V. 155. P. 104687.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><mixed-citation>Leite-Moreira A.F., Brás-Silva C. // Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circulatory Physiol. 2004. V. 287. № 3. P. H1194–H1199.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><mixed-citation>Burrell K.M., Molenaar P., Dawson P.J., Kaumann A.J. // J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therapeutics. 2000. V. 292. № 1. P. 449–459.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><mixed-citation>Konrad D., Oldner A., Wanecek M., Rudehill A., Weitzberg E., Biber B., Johansson G., Häggmark S., Haney M. // Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circulatory Physiol. 2005. V. 289. № 4. H1702–H1709.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B47"><label>47.</label><mixed-citation>Hayashi M.A.F., Ligny-Lemaire C., Wollberg Z., Wery M., Galat A., Ogawa T., Muller B.H., Lamthanh H., Doljansky Y., Bdolah A., et al. // Peptides. 2004. V. 25. № 8. P. 1243–1251.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B48"><label>48.</label><mixed-citation>Skovsted G.F., Kruse L.S., Berchtold L.A., Grell A.-S., Warfvinge K., Edvinsson L. // PLoS One. 2017. V. 12. № 3. P. e0174119.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B49"><label>49.</label><mixed-citation>Dufton M.J., Hider R.C. // Pharmacol. Therapeutics. 1988. V. 36. № 1. P. 1–40.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B50"><label>50.</label><mixed-citation>Jang J.Y., Krishnaswamy T., Kumar S., Jayaraman G., Yang P.W., Yu C. // Biochemistry. 1997. V. 36. № 48. P. 14635–14641.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B51"><label>51.</label><mixed-citation>Jayaraman G., Kumar T.K., Tsai C.C., Srisailam S., Chou S.H., Ho C.L., Yu C. // Protein Sci.: Publ. Protein Soc. 2000. V. 9. № 4. P. 637–646.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B52"><label>52.</label><mixed-citation>Huang S.J., Wu C.K., Sun J.J. // Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao = Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. 1991. V. 12. № 2. P. 125–131.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B53"><label>53.</label><mixed-citation>Wang H.X., Lau S.Y., Huang S.J., Kwan C.Y., Wong T.M. // J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 1997. V. 29. № 10. P. 2759–2770.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B54"><label>54.</label><mixed-citation>Loots J.M., Meij H.S., Meyer B.J. // British J. Pharmacol. 1973. V. 47. № 3. P. 576–585.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B55"><label>55.</label><mixed-citation>Sun J.J., Walker M.J. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 1986. V. 24. № 3. P. 233–245.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B56"><label>56.</label><mixed-citation>Debnath A., Saha A., Gomes A., Biswas S., Chakrabarti P., Giri B., Biswas A.K., Gupta S.D., Gomes A. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 2010. V. 56. № 4. P. 569–579.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B57"><label>57.</label><mixed-citation>Tzeng W.F., Chen Y.H. // Biochem. J. 1988. V. 256. № 1. P. 89–95.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B58"><label>58.</label><mixed-citation>Wang C.-H., Monette R., Lee S.-C., Morley P., Wu W.-G. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 2005. V. 46. № 4. P. 430–440.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B59"><label>59.</label><mixed-citation>Ho K.H., Kwan C.Y., Huang S.J., Bourreau J.P. // Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao = Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. 1998. V. 19. № 3. P. 197–202.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B60"><label>60.</label><mixed-citation>Chen K.M., Guan Y.Y., Sun J.J. // Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao = Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. 1993. V. 14. № 6. P. 500–504.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B61"><label>61.</label><mixed-citation>Kwan C.Y., Kwan T.K., Huang S.J. // Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 2002. V. 29. № 9. P. 823–828.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B62"><label>62.</label><mixed-citation>Ou Y.J., Leung Y.M., Huang S.J., Kwan C.Y. // Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1997. V. 1330. № 1. P. 29–38.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B63"><label>63.</label><mixed-citation>Perry G., Brown E., Thornton R., Shiva T., Hubbard J., Reddy K.R., Doherty J.E., Cardello F.P., Fast A., Radford M.J. // N. Engl. J. Med. 1997. V. 336. № 8. P. 525–533.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B64"><label>64.</label><mixed-citation>Zhao Y., Urganus A.L., Spevak L., Shrestha S., Doty S.B., Boskey A.L., Pachman L.M. // Calcified Tissue Internat. 2009. V. 85. № 3. P. 267–275.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B65"><label>65.</label><mixed-citation>Blanchet G., Collet G., Mourier G., Gilles N., Fruchart-Gaillard C., Marcon E., Servent D. // Biochimie. 2014. V. 103. P. 109–117.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B66"><label>66.</label><mixed-citation>Palea S., Maiga A., Guilloteau V., Rekik M., Guérard M., Rouget C., Rischmann P., Botto H., Camparo P., Lluel P., et al. // British J. Pharmacol. 2013. V. 168. № 3. P. 618–631.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B67"><label>67.</label><mixed-citation>Quinton L., Girard E., Maiga A., Rekik M., Lluel P., Masuyer G., Larregola M., Marquer C., Ciolek J., Magnin T., et al. // British J. Pharmacol. 2010. V. 159. № 2. P. 316–325.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B68"><label>68.</label><mixed-citation>Maïga A., Mourier G., Quinton L., Rouget C., Gales C., Denis C., Lluel P., Sénard J.-M., Palea S., Servent D., et al. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 2012. V. 59. № 4. P. 487–496.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B69"><label>69.</label><mixed-citation>Rouget C., Quinton L., Maïga A., Gales C., Masuyer G., Malosse C., Chamot-Rooke J., Thai R., Mourier G., de Pauw E., et al. // British J. Pharmacol. 2010. V. 161. № 6. P. 1361–1374.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B70"><label>70.</label><mixed-citation>Harvey A.L., Kornisiuk E., Bradley K.N., Cerveñansky C., Durán R., Adrover M., Sánchez G., Jerusalinsky D. // Neurochem. Res. 2002. V. 27. № 11. P. 1543–1554.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B71"><label>71.</label><mixed-citation>Blanchet G., Upert G., Mourier G., Gilquin B., Gilles N., Servent D. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 2013. V. 75. P. 160–167.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B72"><label>72.</label><mixed-citation>Rajagopalan N., Pung Y.F., Zhu Y.Z., Wong P.T.H., Kumar P.P., Kini R.M. // FASEB J.: Official Publ. Fed. Am. Sci. Exp. Biol. 2007. V. 21. № 13. P. 3685–3695.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B73"><label>73.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roy A., Qingxiang S., Alex C., Rajagopalan N., Jobichen C., Sivaraman J., Kini R. M. // Protein Sci.: Publ. Protein Soc. 2019. V. 28. № 5. P. 952–963.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roy A., Qingxiang S., Alex C., Rajagopalan N., Jobichen C., Sivaraman J., Kini R.M. // Protein Sci.: Publ. Protein Soc. 2019. V. 28. № 5. P. 952–963.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B74"><label>74.</label><mixed-citation>Lertwanakarn T., Suntravat M., Sanchez E.E., Boonhoh W., Solaro R.J., Wolska B.M., Martin J.L., de Tombe P.P., Tachampa K. // J. Venom. Anim. Toxins Incl. Trop. Dis. 2020. V. 26. P. e20200005.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B75"><label>75.</label><mixed-citation>Perros F., de Man F.S., Bogaard H.J., Antigny F., Simonneau G., Bonnet S., Provencher S., Galiè N., Humbert M. // Circulation. Heart Failure. 2017. V. 10. № 4. P. e003703.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B76"><label>76.</label><mixed-citation>Wiysonge C.S., Bradley H.A., Volmink J., Mayosi B.M., Opie L.H. // Cochrane Database Systematic Rev. 2017. V. 1. № 1. P. CD002003.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B77"><label>77.</label><mixed-citation>Nozdrachyov A.D., Tsirkin V.I., Korotaeva Y.V. // Ros. Fiziol. Zh. im. I.M. Sechenova. 2016. V. 102. № 2. P. 130–145.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B78"><label>78.</label><mixed-citation>Nozdrachyov A.D., Tsirkin V.I., Korotaeva Y.V. // Ros. Fiziol. Zh. im. I.M. Sechenova. 2016. V. 102. № 3. P. 262–275.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B79"><label>79.</label><mixed-citation>O’Connell T.D., Jensen B.C., Baker A.J., Simpson P.C. // Pharmacol. Rev. 2014. V. 66. № 1. P. 308–333.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B80"><label>80.</label><mixed-citation>Alekseev A.E., Park S., Pimenov O.Y., Reyes S., Terzic A. // Pharmacol. Therapeutics. 2019. V. 197. P. 179–190.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B81"><label>81.</label><mixed-citation>Bao N., Tang B. // Mediators Inflamm. 2020. P. 6136105.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B82"><label>82.</label><mixed-citation>Averin A.S., Nakipova O.V., Kosarsky L.S., Pimenov O.Y., Galimova M.H., Nenov M.N., Berejnov A.V., Alekseev A.E. // Biophysics. 2019. V. 64. № 5. P. 793–798.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B83"><label>83.</label><mixed-citation>Kokoz Y.M., Evdokimovskii E.V., Maltsev A.V., Nenov M.N., Nakipova O.V., Averin A.S., Pimenov O.Y., Teplov I.Y., Berezhnov A.V., Reyes S., et al. // J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 2016. V. 100. P. 9–20.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B84"><label>84.</label><mixed-citation>Ogay A.Y., Rzhevsky D.I., Murashev A.N., Tsetlin V.I., Utkin Y.N. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 2005. V. 45. № 1. P. 93–99.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B85"><label>85.</label><mixed-citation>Wang J., Shen B., Guo M., Lou X., Duan Y., Cheng X. P., Teng M., Niu L., Liu Q., Huang Q., et al. // Biochemistry. 2005. V. 44. № 30. P. 10145–10152.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B86"><label>86.</label><mixed-citation>Zhou Q., Wang Q.-L., Meng X., Shu Y., Jiang T., Wagenknecht T., Yin C.-C., Sui S.-F., Liu Z. // Biophys. J. 2008. V. 95. № 9. P. 4289–4299.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B87"><label>87.</label><mixed-citation>Wang F., Li H., Liu M.-N., Song H., Han H.-M., Wang Q.-L., Yin C.-C., Zhou Y.-C., Qi Z., Shu Y.-Y., et al. // Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2006. V. 351. № 2. P. 443–448.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B88"><label>88.</label><mixed-citation>Souza D.H., Iemma M.R., Ferreira L.L., Faria J.P., Oliva M.L., Zingali R.B., Niewiarowski S., Selistre-de-Araujo H.S. // Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 2000. V. 384. № 2. P. 341–350.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B89"><label>89.</label><mixed-citation>Yamazaki Y., Matsunaga Y., Tokunaga Y., Obayashi S., Saito M., Morita T. // J. Biol. Chem. 2009. V. 284. № 15. P. 9885–9891.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B90"><label>90.</label><mixed-citation>Arni R.K., Ward R.J. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 1996. V. 34. № 8. P. 827–841.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B91"><label>91.</label><mixed-citation>Barrington P.L., Yang C.C., Rosenberg P. // Life Sci. 1984. V. 35. № 9. P. 987–995.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B92"><label>92.</label><mixed-citation>Gutiérrez J.M., Ownby C.L. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 2003. V. 42. № 8. P. 915–931.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B93"><label>93.</label><mixed-citation>Gasanov S.E., Dagda R.K., Rael E.D. // J. Clin. Toxicol. 2014. V. 4. № 1. P. 1000181.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B94"><label>94.</label><mixed-citation>Huang M.Z., Gopalakrishnakone P. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 1996. V. 34. № 2. P. 201–211.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B95"><label>95.</label><mixed-citation>Evangelista I.L., Martins A.M.C., Nascimento N.R.F., Havt A., Evangelista J.S.A.M., de Norões T.B.S., Toyama M.H., Diz-Filho E.B., de Oliveira Toyama D., Fonteles M.C., et al. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 2010. V. 55. № 6. P. 1061–1070.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B96"><label>96.</label><mixed-citation>Huang M.Z., Wang Q.C., Liu G.F. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 1993. V. 31. № 5. P. 627–635.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B97"><label>97.</label><mixed-citation>Dias L., Rodrigues M.A.P., Rennó A.L., Stroka A., Inoue B.R., Panunto P.C., Melgarejo A.R., Hyslop S. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 2016. V. 123. P. 1–14.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B98"><label>98.</label><mixed-citation>Lee C.Y., Lin W.W., Chen Y.M., Lee S.Y. // Acta Physiol. Pharmacol. Latinoamericana: Organo de la Asociacion Latinoamericana de Ciencias Fisiologicas y de la Asociacion Latinoamericana de Farmacologia. 1989. V. 39. № 4. P. 383–391.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B99"><label>99.</label><mixed-citation>Fletcher J.E., Yang C.C., Rosenberg P. // Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1982. V. 66. № 1. P. 39–54.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B100"><label>100.</label><mixed-citation>Sifuentes D.N., El-Kik C.Z., Ricardo H.D., Tomaz M.A., Strauch M.A., Calil-Elias S., Arruda E.Z., Schwartz E.F., Melo P.A. // Toxicon: Official J. Internat. Soc. Toxinol. 2008. V. 51. № 1. P. 28–36.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
