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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11182</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.11182</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Hemostatic Disorders in COVID-19 Patients</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Патогенез, диагностика и лечение гемостатических нарушений у пациентов с COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7758-3935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalirakhmanov</surname><given-names>Airat F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халирахманов</surname><given-names>Айрат Файзелгаянович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ai.bolit@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2997-0644</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Idrisova</surname><given-names>Kamilla F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Идрисова</surname><given-names>Камилла Фаритовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>idrisovakam@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0922-5850</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gajfullina</surname><given-names>Raushaniya F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайфуллина</surname><given-names>Раушания Фаритовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>rushana78@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9306-3507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinchenko</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зинченко</surname><given-names>Сергей Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>SVZinchenko@kpfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0643-1496</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinov</surname><given-names>Rustem I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвинов</surname><given-names>Рустем Игоревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Litvinov@pennmedicine.upenn.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharafeev</surname><given-names>Aydar Z.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарафеев</surname><given-names>Айдар Зайтунович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>aidarch@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4460-4140</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiyasov</surname><given-names>Andrey P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киясов</surname><given-names>Андрей Павлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>medbiol@kpfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-5739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rizvanov</surname><given-names>Albert A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ризванов</surname><given-names>Альберт Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>rizvanov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">University Hospital “Kazan Federal University”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медико-санитарная часть ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Пенсильвании</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Clinical Hospital named after Sh.Sh. Ependiev</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Республиканская клиническая больница им. Ш.Ш. Эпендиева</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-08-31"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-11-12"><day>12</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Khalirakhmanov A.F., Idrisova K.F., Gajfullina R.F., Zinchenko S.V., Litvinov R.I., Sharafeev A.Z., Kiyasov A.P., Rizvanov A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Халирахманов А.Ф., Идрисова К.Ф., Гайфуллина Р.Ф., Зинченко С.В., Литвинов Р.И., Шарафеев А.З., Киясов А.П., Ризванов А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khalirakhmanov A.F., Idrisova K.F., Gajfullina R.F., Zinchenko S.V., Litvinov R.I., Sharafeev A.Z., Kiyasov A.P., Rizvanov A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Халирахманов А.Ф., Идрисова К.Ф., Гайфуллина Р.Ф., Зинченко С.В., Литвинов Р.И., Шарафеев А.З., Киясов А.П., Ризванов А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11182">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11182</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The novel coronavirus infection named COVID-19 was first detected in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and it has been responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in scores of countries. At the time this article was being written, the number of infected and deceased patients continued to grow worldwide. Most patients with severe forms of the disease suffer from pneumonia and pulmonary insufficiency; in many cases, the disease is generalized and causes multiple organ failures and a dysfunction of physiological systems. One of the most serious and prognostically ominous complications from COVID-19 is coagulopathy, in particular, decompensated hypercoagulability with the risk of developing disseminated intravascular coagulation. In most cases, local and diffuse macro- and microthromboses are present, a condition which causes multiple-organ failure and thromboembolic complications. The causes and pathogenic mechanisms of coagulopathy in COVID-19 remain largely unclear, but they are associated with systemic inflammation, including the so-called cytokine storm. Despite the relatively short period of the ongoing pandemic, laboratory signs of serious hemostatic disorders have been identified and measures for specific prevention and correction of thrombosis have been developed. This review discusses the causes of COVID-19 coagulopathies and the associated complications, as well as possible approaches to their early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Новая коронавирусная инфекция, получившая название COVID-19, была впервые выявлена в декабре 2019 года в Ухане, Китай, и стала причиной значительной заболеваемости и смертности во многих странах, причем на момент написания этой статьи число инфицированных и умерших продолжает увеличиваться. Большинство пациентов с тяжелой формой заболевания страдают от пневмонии и дыхательной недостаточности, однако во многих случаях по мере развития болезнь приобретает генерализованный характер с прогрессирующим поражением многих органов и функциональных систем. Одним из наиболее опасных и прогностически неблагоприятных осложнений COVID-19 является развитие коагулопатии по типу декомпенсированной гиперкоагуляции, вплоть до диссеминированного внутрисосудистого свертывания крови. В подавляющем большинстве случаев наблюдаются локальные и диффузные макро- и микротромбозы, которые служат причиной полиорганной недостаточности и тромбоэмболических осложнений. Причины и патогенетические механизмы коагулопатии при COVID-19 ясны не до конца, но они связаны с системным воспалением, включая так называемый «цитокиновый шторм». За сравнительно короткое время распространения пандемии установлены лабораторные признаки угрожающих и текущих нарушений гемостаза, разрабатываются меры специфической профилактики и коррекции тромботических осложнений. В данном обзоре обобщены сведения о причинах коагулопатий, осложняющих COVID-19, а также о методах их ранней диагностики, профилактики и лечения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronavirus</kwd><kwd>hemostatic disorders</kwd><kwd>thrombosis</kwd><kwd>anticoagulants</kwd><kwd>cytokine storm</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коронавирус</kwd><kwd>коагулопатия</kwd><kwd>нарушения гемостаза</kwd><kwd>тромбоз</kwd><kwd>тромбоцитопения</kwd><kwd>антикоагулянты</kwd><kwd>цитокиновый шторм</kwd><kwd>D-димер</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственное задание</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Agreement with the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>0671-2020-0058</award-id></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Выполнение данной работы не было поддержано какими-либо грантами от фондов, финансирующих осуществление проектов в сфере общественных, коммерческих или некоммерческих организаций</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Woo P.C.Y., Huang Y., Lau S.K.P., Yuen K.Y. // Viruses. 2010. 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