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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11181</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.11181</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Role of the MCTS1 and DENR Proteins in Regulating the Mechanisms Associated with Malignant Cell Transformation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль белков MCTS1 и DENR в регуляции механизмов, ассоциированных со злокачественным перерождением клеток</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shyrokova</surname><given-names>Elena Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широкова</surname><given-names>Елена Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>elena.j.shirokova@phystech.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prassolov</surname><given-names>Vladimir S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прасолов</surname><given-names>Владимир Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>prassolov45@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Spirin</surname><given-names>Pavel V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спирин</surname><given-names>Павел Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>discipline82@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Science</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт молекулярной биологии им. В.А. Энгельгардта РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский физико-технический институт (Национальный исследовательский университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>98</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-09-01"><day>01</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-10-22"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Shyrokova E.Y., Prassolov V.S., Spirin P.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Широкова Е.Ю., Прасолов В.С., Спирин П.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shyrokova E.Y., Prassolov V.S., Spirin P.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Широкова Е.Ю., Прасолов В.С., Спирин П.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11181">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11181</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The mutations associated with malignant cell transformation are believed to disrupt the expression of a significant number of normal, non-mutant genes. The proteins encoded by these genes are involved in the regulation of many signaling pathways that are responsible for differentiation and proliferation, as well as sensitivity to apoptotic signals, growth factors, and cytokines. Abnormalities in the balance of signaling pathways can lead to the transformation of a normal cell, which results in tumor formation. Detection of the target genes and the proteins they encode and that are involved in the malignant transformation is one of the major evolutions in anti-cancer biomedicine. Currently, there is an accumulation of data that shed light on the role of the MCTS1 and DENR proteins in oncogenesis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Белки MCTS1 (Malignant T-cell-amplified sequence 1) и DENR (Density regulated re-initiation and release factor) участвуют в реинициации трансляции. В функциональном и структурном отношении комплекс этих белков является аналогом неканонического фактора инициации трансляции eIF2D. Считается, что повышенная экспрессия MCTS1 и DENR сопряжена с развитием ряда злокачественных заболеваний. Известно, что MCTS1 вовлечен в регуляцию клеточного цикла, апоптоза и механизмов иммунного надзора, тогда как роль DENR в развитии злокачественных заболеваний остается практически неизученной. Отдельные данные свидетельствуют о том, что уровень экспрессии DENR может иметь прогностическое значение при раке легкого, желудка, раке почки, а также гепатоцеллюлярной карциноме. Также известно, что этот белок может быть вовлечен в регуляцию циклических процессов, связанных со сменой дня и ночи. В обзоре рассмотрены данные об этих белках с целью определения возможности их применения как потенциальных прогностических и терапевтических мишеней при борьбе со злокачественными заболеваниями.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>MCTS1 and DENR proteins</kwd><kwd>malignant cell transformation</kwd><kwd>translation initiation factors</kwd><kwd>signaling pathways</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>cell cycle</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>белки MCTS1 и DENR</kwd><kwd>злокачественное перерождение клеток</kwd><kwd>факторы инициации трансляции</kwd><kwd>сигнальные каскады</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>клеточный цикл</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский Фонд Фундаментальных Исследований</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Foundation for Basic Research</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>18-29-09151</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">РНФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">RSF grant</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>21-14-00355</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Prosniak M., Dierov J., Okami K., Tilton B., Jameson B., Sawaya B.E., Gartenhaus R.B. // Cancer Res. 1998. 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