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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11101</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.11101</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Chromatin Modifiers in Transcriptional Regulation: New Findings and Prospects</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Модификаторы хроматина в регуляции транскрипции: свежие находки и перспективы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazina</surname><given-names>Marina Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазина</surname><given-names>Марина Юсуповна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>magadovam@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyeva</surname><given-names>Nadezhda E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьева</surname><given-names>Надежда Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vorobyeva@genebiology.ru</email><uri>http://www.genebiology.ru/laboratorii/vorobyeva-lab/</uri><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии гена РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-07-28"><day>28</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-12-01"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Mazina M.Y., Vorobyeva N.E.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Мазина М.Ю., Воробьева Н.Е.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mazina M.Y., Vorobyeva N.E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мазина М.Ю., Воробьева Н.Е.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11101">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11101</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Histone-modifying and remodeling complexes are considered the main coregulators that affect transcription by changing the chromatin structure. Coordinated action by these complexes is essential for the transcriptional activation of any eukaryotic gene. In this review, we discuss current trends in the study of histone modifiers and chromatin remodelers, including the functional impact of transcriptional proteins/complexes i.e., “pioneers”; remodeling and modification of non-histone proteins by transcriptional complexes; the supplementary functions of the non-catalytic subunits of remodelers, and the participation of histone modifiers in the “pause” of RNA polymerase II. The review also includes a scheme illustrating the mechanisms of recruitment of the main classes of remodelers and chromatin modifiers to various sites in the genome and their functional activities.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Комплексы, модифицирующие и ремоделирующие гистоны, считаются основными корегуляторами, которые изменяют структуру хроматина и влияют тем самым на транскрипцию. Согласованная работа этих комплексов необходима для активации транскрипции любого гена эукариот. В данном обзоре мы обсуждаем современные направления в исследовании модификаторов гистонов и факторов, ремоделирующих хроматин: механизмы функционирования белков и транскрипционных комплексов-пионеров; ремоделирование и модификация комплексами негистоновых белков; дополнительные функции некаталитических субъединиц ремоделирующих факторов, а также участие модификаторов гистонов в «паузе» РНК-полимеразы II. Приведены также схемы, иллюстрирующие механизмы рекрутирования основных классов факторов, ремоделирующих и модифицирующих хроматин, в различные сайты генома, а также их функциональные активности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>transcription</kwd><kwd>chromatin</kwd><kwd>enhancer</kwd><kwd>coregulator</kwd><kwd>remodeling</kwd><kwd>transcriptional factor</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>транскрипция</kwd><kwd>хроматин</kwd><kwd>энхансер</kwd><kwd>корегулятор</kwd><kwd>ремоделирование</kwd><kwd>транскрипционный фактор</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">грант Российского научного фонда</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">grant from the Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>18-14-00219</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Krasnov A.N., Mazina M.Y., Nikolenko J.V., Vorobyeva N.E. // Cell Biosci. 2016. 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