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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11054</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.11054</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Intracellular Acidification Suppresses Synaptic Vesicle Mobilization in the Motor Nerve Terminals</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Закисление цитоплазмы угнетает мобилизацию синаптических везикул в двигательных нервных окончаниях</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zefirov</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зефиров</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>fysio@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhametzyanov</surname><given-names>R. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухамедзянов</surname><given-names>Р. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>fysio@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>fysio@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhutdinova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухутдинова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>fysio@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Odnoshivkina</surname><given-names>U. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Одношивкина</surname><given-names>Ю. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>fysio@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>fysio@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Neuroscience, Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт нейронаук, Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский федеральный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Laboratory of Biophysics of Synaptic Processes, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center “Kazan Scientific Center of RAS”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский институт биохимии и биофизики ФИЦ «Казанский научный центр РАН»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>105</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-06-18"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-09-07"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Zefirov A.L., Mukhametzyanov R.D., Zakharov A.V., Mukhutdinova K.A., Odnoshivkina U.O., Petrov A.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Зефиров А.Л., Мухамедзянов Р.Д., Захаров А.В., Мухутдинова К.А., Одношивкина Ю.О., Петров А.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zefirov A.L., Mukhametzyanov R.D., Zakharov A.V., Mukhutdinova K.A., Odnoshivkina U.O., Petrov A.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зефиров А.Л., Мухамедзянов Р.Д., Захаров А.В., Мухутдинова К.А., Одношивкина Ю.О., Петров А.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11054">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11054</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Intracellular protons play a special role in the regulation of presynaptic processes, since the functioning of synaptic vesicles and endosomes depends on their acidification by the H<sup>+</sup>-pump. Furthermore, transient acidification of the intraterminal space occurs during synaptic activity. Using microelectrode recording of postsynaptic responses (an indicator of neurotransmitter release) and exo-endocytic marker FM1-43, we studied the effects of intracellular acidification with propionate on the presynaptic events underlying neurotransmitter release. Cytoplasmic acidification led to a marked decrease in neurotransmitter release during the first minute of a 20-Hz stimulation in the neuromuscular junctions of mouse diaphragm and frog cutaneous pectoris muscle. This was accompanied by a reduction in the FM1-43 loss during synaptic vesicle exocytosis in response to the stimulation. Estimation of the endocytic uptake of FM1-43 showed no disruption in synaptic vesicle endocytosis. Acidification completely prevented the action of the cell-membrane permeable compound 24-hydroxycholesterol, which can enhance synaptic vesicle mobilization. Thus, the obtained results suggest that an increase in [H<sup>+</sup>]<sub>in</sub> negatively regulates neurotransmission due to the suppression of synaptic vesicle delivery to the sites of exocytosis at high activity. This mechanism can be a part of the negative feedback loop in regulating neurotransmitter release.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Внутриклеточные протоны играют особую роль в регуляции пресинаптических процесcов, поскольку функционирование синаптических везикул и эндосомных структур зависит от закисления их содержимого H<sup>+</sup>-помпой. Более того, при синаптической активности в нервных окончаниях происходит закисление цитоплазмы. С использованием микроэлектродной регистрации постсинаптических сигналов (показатель секреции нейромедиатора) и экзо-эндоцитозного маркера FM1-43 нами изучено влияние закисления цитоплазмы пропионатом на пресинаптические процессы, обеспечивающие освобождение нейромедиатора. Обнаружено, что в диафрагме мыши и кожно-грудинной мышце лягушки внутриклеточный ацидоз вызывает выраженное снижение секреции нейромедиатора в начальную минуту 20 Гц-стимуляции. Это сопровождается резким замедлением освобождения FM1-43 в ходе экзоцитоза синаптических везикул в ответ на стимуляцию. Экcперименты с оценкой захвата FM1-43 показали отсутствие нарушений эндоцитоза синаптических везикул. Закисление полностью предотвращало действие проникающего через мембраны агента (24-гидроксихолестерина), усиливающего мобилизацию синаптических везикул. Мы предполагаем, что повышение [H<sup>+</sup>]<sub>in</sub> угнетает нейропередачу за счет замедления доставки синаптических везикул в сайты экзоцитоза при интенсивной активности. Этот механизм может регулировать секрецию нейромедиатора по принципу отрицательной обратной связи.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>exocytosis</kwd><kwd>synaptic vesicle translocation</kwd><kwd>neurotransmission</kwd><kwd>acidification</kwd><kwd>neuromuscular junction</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экзоцитоз</kwd><kwd>транспорт синаптических везикул</kwd><kwd>нейропередача</kwd><kwd>ацидификация</kwd><kwd>нервно-мышечный синапс</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">РФФИ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Foundation for Basic Research</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>20-015-00507 и 20-04-00077</award-id></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">RFBR</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">РФФИ</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Dittman J.S., Ryan T.A. // Nat. 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