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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11038</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.11038</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Molecular principles of insect chemoreception</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярные основы хеморецепции насекомых</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolinskaya</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколинская</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>noobissat@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>noobissat@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukyanov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукьянов</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>noobissat@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданов</surname><given-names>Алексей Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>noobissat@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-10-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-06-03"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-06-03"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Sokolinskaya E.L., Kolesov D.V., Lukyanov K.A., Bogdanov A.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Соколинская Е.Л., Колесов Д.В., Лукьянов К.А., Богданов А.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sokolinskaya E.L., Kolesov D.V., Lukyanov K.A., Bogdanov A.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соколинская Е.Л., Колесов Д.В., Лукьянов К.А., Богданов А.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11038">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11038</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chemoreception, an ability to perceive specific chemical stimuli, is one of the most evolutionarily ancient forms of interaction between living organisms and their environment. Chemoreception systems are found in organisms belonging to all biological kingdoms. In higher multicellular animals, chemoreception (along with photo- and mechanoreception) underlies the functioning of five traditional senses. Insects have developed a peculiar and one of the most sophisticated chemoreception systems, which exploits at least three receptor superfamilies providing perception of smell and taste, as well as chemical communication in these animals. The enormous diversity of physiologically relevant compounds in the environment has given rise to a wide-ranging repertoire of chemoreceptors of various specificities. Thus, in insects, they are represented by several structurally and functionally distinct protein classes and are encoded by hundreds of genes. In the current review, we briefly characterize the insect chemoreception system by describing the main groups of receptors that constitute it and putting emphasis on the peculiar architecture and mechanisms of functioning possessed by these molecules.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Хеморецепция – способность воспринимать специфические химические стимулы – является одной из наиболее эволюционно древних форм взаимодействия живых организмов с окружающей средой. Хеморецепторные системы обнаружены у представителей всех царств, а у высших многоклеточных животных они, наравне с системами фото- и механорецепции, создают основу для функционирования пяти «традиционных» чувств. Насекомые выработали своеобразную и одну из наиболее сложно организованных систем хеморецепции, включающую не менее трех суперсемейств рецепторов, обеспечивающих восприятие запаха и вкуса, а также химическую коммуникацию этих животных. Исключительное разнообразие физиологически релевантных соединений в окружающей среде обусловило появление широкого репертуара хеморецепторов различной специфичности. Так, у насекомых они представлены несколькими структурно и функционально различающимися классами белков и кодируются сотнями генов. В настоящем обзоре мы даем краткую характеристику хеморецепторной системы насекомых, описывая основные группы рецепторов, ее формирующих, и останавливаясь на своеобразии архитектуры и механизмов функционирования этих молекул.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chemoreceptor</kwd><kwd>cation channel</kwd><kwd>action potential</kwd><kwd>ionotropic receptor</kwd><kwd>metabotropic receptor</kwd><kwd>odorant</kwd><kwd>olfaction</kwd><kwd>gustatory receptor</kwd><kwd>insects</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хеморецептор</kwd><kwd>катионный канал</kwd><kwd>потенциал действия</kwd><kwd>ионотропный рецептор</kwd><kwd>метаботропный рецептор</kwd><kwd>одорант</kwd><kwd>обоняние</kwd><kwd>вкусовой рецептор</kwd><kwd>насекомые</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский Фонд Фундаментальных Исследований</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Foundation for Basic Research</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>8-34-20087</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Frank Z., Munger S. 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