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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11026</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/actanaturae.11026</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Infectious plant diseases: etiology, current status, problems and prospects in plant protection</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекционные болезни растений: этиология, современное состояние, проблемы и перспективы защиты растений</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1857-323X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarov</surname><given-names>Pavel A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаров</surname><given-names>Павел Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>отдел биоэнергетики, НИИ Физико-химической биологии им. А.Н. Белозерского,</p></bio><email>nazarovpa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baleev</surname><given-names>Dmitry N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балеев</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dbaleev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>Maria I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Мария Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ivanova_170@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>Luybov M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Любовь Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lsokolova74@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karakozova</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каракозова</surname><given-names>Марина Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mvk752002@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ физико-химической биологии им. А.Н. Белозерского, Московский государственный&#13;
университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский физико-технический институт (государственный университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific Vegetable Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научный центр овощеводства</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт лекарственных и ароматических растений</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing, Branch of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт овощеводства – филиал ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр овощеводства»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр наук о жизни, Сколковский институт науки и технологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-10-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-05-25"><day>25</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-06-29"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Nazarov P.A., Baleev D.N., Ivanova M.I., Sokolova L.M., Karakozova M.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Назаров П.А., Балеев Д.Н., Иванова М.И., Соколова Л.М., Каракозова М.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nazarov P.A., Baleev D.N., Ivanova M.I., Sokolova L.M., Karakozova M.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Назаров П.А., Балеев Д.Н., Иванова М.И., Соколова Л.М., Каракозова М.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11026">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/11026</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of diseases caused by bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. Infections affect plants at different stages of agricultural production. Depending on weather conditions and the phytosanitary condition of crops, the prevalence of diseases can reach 70–80% of the total plant population, and the yield can decrease in some cases down to 80–98%. Plants have innate cellular immunity, but specific phytopathogens have an ability to evade that immunity. This article examined phytopathogens of viral, fungal, and bacterial nature and explored the concepts of modern plant protection, methods of chemical, biological, and agrotechnical control, as well as modern methods used for identifying phytopathogens.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>За последние годы отмечено увеличение числа заболеваний, вызванных фитопатогенными бактериями, грибами и вирусами. Эти возбудители поражают растения на разных стадиях их роста и производства сельскохозяйственной продукции. В зависимости от погодных условий и фитосанитарного состояния посевов распространенность болезней может достигать 70–80% от всей популяции растений, а урожайность снижаться в ряде случаев на 80–98%. Растения обладают врожденным клеточным иммунитетом, однако специфичные фитопатогены способны его преодолевать. В представленном обзоре рассмотрены фитопатогены вирусной, грибной и бактериальной природы, а также современные концепции защиты растений, методы химического, биологического, агротехнического контроля и идентификации фитопатогенов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bacteria</kwd><kwd>fungi</kwd><kwd>viruses</kwd><kwd>pesticides</kwd><kwd>phytopathogen</kwd><kwd>selection</kwd><kwd>disease resistance</kwd><kwd>integrated pest management</kwd><kwd>biological control</kwd><kwd>agrotechnical control</kwd><kwd>plant immunity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бактерии</kwd><kwd>грибы</kwd><kwd>вирусы</kwd><kwd>пестициды</kwd><kwd>фитопатоген</kwd><kwd>селекция</kwd><kwd>устойчивость к болезням</kwd><kwd>интегрированная защита растений</kwd><kwd>биологический контроль</kwd><kwd>агротехнический контроль</kwd><kwd>иммунитет растений</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский Фонд Фундаментальных Исследований</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Foundation for Basic Research</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>19-116-50156</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Horst R.K. 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