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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10875</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2019-11-4-93-98</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Genetic Variability of the AcrAB-TolC Multidrug Efflux Pump Underlies SkQ1 Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Генетическая вариабельность основной помпы множественной лекарственной устойчивости AcrAB-TolC определяет резистентность грамотрицательных бактерий к SkQ1</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаров</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nazarovpa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nazarovpa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skulachev</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скулачев</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nazarovpa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonenko</surname><given-names>Y. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антоненко</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nazarovpa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ физико-химической биологии им. А.Н. Белозерского, Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Mitotech LLC</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Митотех</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ митоинженерии, Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 11, NO4 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 11, №4 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-28"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Nazarov P.A., Kotova E.A., Skulachev V.P., Antonenko Y.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Назаров П.А., Котова Е.А., Скулачев В.П., Антоненко Ю.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nazarov P.A., Kotova E.A., Skulachev V.P., Antonenko Y.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Назаров П.А., Котова Е.А., Скулачев В.П., Антоненко Ю.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10875">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10875</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>SkQ1, a novel antibiotic targeting bacterial bioenergetics, is highly effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. However, some gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, are highly resistant to it. In different gram-negative bacteria, this resistance is associated with the identity of their AcrB transporter protein sequence with the sequence of the AcrB protein from E. coli. SkQ1 is expelled from E. coli cells by the AcrAB-TolC multidrug efflux pump. In this study, we demonstrate that SkQ1 resistance in E. coli, in contrast to chloramphenicol resistance, does not depend on the presence of the multidrug efflux pump accessory protein AcrZ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Новый антибиотик SkQ1, действующий на бактериальную биоэнергетику, очень эффективен против грамположительных и грамотрицательных бактерий. Однако некоторые грамотрицательные бактерии, такие, как <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> и <italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae</italic>, проявляют к нему высокую устойчивость, причем у различных грамотрицательных бактерий эта устойчивость определяется идентичностью аминокислотных последовательностей белка-транспортера AcrB и соответствующего белка из <italic>E. coli</italic>. SkQ1 откачивается из клеток <italic>E. coli</italic> с помощью основной помпы множественной лекарственной устойчивости AcrAB-TolC. Нами показано, что устойчивость <italic>E. coli</italic> к SkQ1, в отличие от устойчивости к хлорамфениколу, не зависит от малого вспомогательного белка помпы - AcrZ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>SkQ1</kwd><kwd>AcrZ</kwd><kwd>AcrAB-TolC efflux pump</kwd><kwd>multidrug resistance</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>SkQ1</kwd><kwd>AcrZ</kwd><kwd>помпа AcrAB-TolC</kwd><kwd>множественная лекарственная устойчивость</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 16-14-10025). The authors are grateful to A. S. Korzina for the help throughout the project.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана грантом РНФ № 16-14-10025. Мы благодарны А.С. 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