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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10838</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2019-11-2-28-41</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Targeted Drug Delivery in Lipid-like Nanocages and Extracellular Vesicles</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Направленный транспорт лекарственных препаратов в липидоподобных наноконтейнерах и внеклеточных везикулах</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>anna.kudriaeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostin</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костин</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>anna.kudriaeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинникова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>anna.kudriaeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lomakin</surname><given-names>Y. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ломакин</surname><given-names>Я. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>anna.kudriaeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudriaeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудряева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>anna.kudriaeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 11, NO2 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 11, №2 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-21"><day>21</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Sokolov A.V., Kostin N.N., Ovchinnikova L.A., Lomakin Y.A., Kudriaeva A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Соколов А.В., Костин Н.Н., Овчинникова Л.А., Ломакин Я.А., Кудряева А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sokolov A.V., Kostin N.N., Ovchinnikova L.A., Lomakin Y.A., Kudriaeva A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соколов А.В., Костин Н.Н., Овчинникова Л.А., Ломакин Я.А., Кудряева А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10838">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10838</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The possibility of targeted drug delivery to a specific tissue, organ, or cell has opened new promising avenues in treatment development. The technology of targeted delivery aims to create multifunctional carriers that are capable of long circulation in the patient’s organism and possess low toxicity at the same time. The surface of modern synthetic carriers has high structural similarity to the cell membrane, which, when combined with additional modifications, also promotes the transfer of biological properties in order to penetrate physiological barriers effectively. Along with artificial nanocages, further efforts have recently been devoted to research into extracellular vesicles that could serve as natural drug delivery vehicles. This review provides a detailed description of targeted delivery systems that employ lipid and lipid-like nanocages, as well as extracellular vesicles with a high level of biocompatibility, highlighting genetically encoded drug delivery vehicles.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Возможность адресной доставки препаратов к определенным органам-мишеням, тканям и клеткам открыла невероятные перспективы для разработки новых способов терапии. Технология направленного транспорта нацелена на создание многофункциональных носителей, способных к длительной циркуляции в организме пациента и обладающих низкой токсичностью. Поверхность современных синтетических носителей обладает высоким структурным сходством с клеточной мембраной, что в сочетании с дополнительными модификациями способствует передаче и биологических свойств, позволяя эффективно преодолевать физиологические барьеры. Наряду с искусственными контейнерами все большее внимание уделяется исследованию внеклеточных везикул в качестве естественных переносчиков лекарственных средств. В обзоре рассмотрены системы направленного транспорта с помощью липидных и липидоподобных наночастиц, а также внеклеточных везикул, обладающих высоким уровнем биосовместимости. Особое внимание уделено генетически кодируемым переносчикам терапевтических средств.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Liposomes</kwd><kwd>polymeric carriers</kwd><kwd>extracellular vesicles</kwd><kwd>self-assembling vesicles</kwd><kwd>nanocages</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внеклеточные везикулы</kwd><kwd>липосомы</kwd><kwd>наноконтейнеры</kwd><kwd>полимерные носители</kwd><kwd>самосо¬бирающиеся везикулы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 18-74-10079 “Self-assembling genetically encoded nanocages as an instrument to treat multiple sclerosis”).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РНФ № 18-74-10079 «Самособирающиеся генетически кодируемые наноконтейнеры как инструмент лечения рассеянного склероза».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Yin H., Kauffman K.J., Anderson D.G. // Nat. 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