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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10836</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2019-11-2-4-16</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Application of Polyhydroxyalkanoates in Medicine and the Biological Activity of Natural Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Применение полиоксиалканоатов в медицине и биологическая активность природного поли-3-оксибутирата</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bonartsev</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бонарцев</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ant_bonar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bonartseva</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бонарцева</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ant_bonar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshetov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Решетов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ant_bonar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaitan</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайтан</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ant_bonar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirpichnikov</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирпичников</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ant_bonar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биохимии им. А.Н. Баха, Федеральный исследовательский центр «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии» РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 11, NO2 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 11, №2 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-21"><day>21</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Bonartsev A.P., Bonartseva G.A., Reshetov I.V., Shaitan K.V., Kirpichnikov M.P.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Бонарцев А.П., Бонарцева Г.А., Решетов И.В., Шайтан К.В., Кирпичников М.П.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bonartsev A.P., Bonartseva G.A., Reshetov I.V., Shaitan K.V., Kirpichnikov M.P.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бонарцев А.П., Бонарцева Г.А., Решетов И.В., Шайтан К.В., Кирпичников М.П.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10836">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10836</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Biodegradable and biocompatible polymers, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), are actively used in medicine to produce a wide range of medical devices and dosage formulations. The medical industry mainly utilizes PHAs obtained by chemical synthesis, but interest in the medical application of natural PHAs obtained biotechnologically is also growing. Synthetic PHAs are the biomimetic analogs of bacterial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and other natural PHAs. This paper addresses the issue of the presence of biological activity in synthetic and natural PHAs (stimulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, tissue regeneration) and their possible association with various biological functions of PHB in bacteria and eukaryotes, including humans.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Биоразлагаемые и биосовместимые полимеры, полиоксиалканоаты, активно используются для изготовления различных медицинских изделий и лекарственных форм. В медицинской промышленности применяют полиоксиалканоаты, полученные химическим синтезом, но растет интерес и к природным полиоксиалканоатам, полученным биотехнологическим путем. Синтетические полиоксиалканоаты являются биомиметическими аналогами бактериального поли-3-оксибутирата и других природных полиоксиалканоатов. В обзоре рассмотрено наличие биологической активности у синтетических и природных полиоксиалканоатов (стимуляция пролиферации и дифференцировки клеток, регенерация тканей) и ее возможная связь с биологическими функциями поли-3-оксибутирата у бактерий и эукариот, в том числе у человека.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polyhydroxyalkanoates</kwd><kwd>poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)</kwd><kwd>biosynthesis</kwd><kwd>biomimetics</kwd><kwd>biodegradation</kwd><kwd>biocompatibility</kwd><kwd>regenerative medicine</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биодеградация</kwd><kwd>биомиметика</kwd><kwd>биосинтез</kwd><kwd>биосовместимость</kwd><kwd>полиоксиалканоаты</kwd><kwd>поли-3-оксибутират</kwd><kwd>регенеративная медицина</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (projects Nos. 15-29-04856 ofi-m under section 1 and 18-29-09099 mk under sections 2 and 3).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа получила финансовую поддержку РФФИ офи-м (проект № 15-29-04856 в рамках раздела 1) и РФФИ офи-м (проект № 18-29-09099 в рамках разделов 2 и 3).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Mokhtarzadeh A., Alibakhshi A., Hejazi M., Omidi Y., Dolatabadi J.E.N. // Trends Analyt. 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