Acta NaturaeActa NaturaeActa Naturae2075-8251Acta Naturae Ltd1081010.32607/20758251-2009-1-2-44-60ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleNew Approaches for Cancer Treatment: Antitumor Drugs Based on gene-Targeted Nucleic AcidsNew Approaches for Cancer Treatment: Antitumor Drugs Based on gene-Targeted Nucleic AcidsPatutinaO AMironovaN LVlassovV VZenkovaM Amarzen@niboch.nsc.ruInstitute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences1509200912NO2 (2009)№2 (2009)446017012020Copyright ©; 2009, Patutina O.A., Mironova N.L., Vlassov V.V., Zenkova M.A.Copyright ©; 2009, Patutina O.A., Mironova N.L., Vlassov V.V., Zenkova M.A.2009Patutina O.A., Mironova N.L., Vlassov V.V., Zenkova M.A.Patutina O.A., Mironova N.L., Vlassov V.V., Zenkova M.A.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10810

Currently, the main way to fight cancer is still chemotherapy. This method of treatment is at the height of its capacity, so, setting aside the need for further improvements in traditional treatments for neoplasia, it is vital to develop now approaches toward treating malignant tumors. This paper reviews innovational experimental approaches to treating malignant malformations based on the use of gene-targeted drugs, such as antisense oligonucleotides (asON), small interfering RN A (siRN A), ribozymes, and DNAzymes, which can all inhibit oncogene expression. The target genes for these drugs are thoroughly characterized, and the main results from pre-clinical and first-step clinical trials of these drugs are presented. It is shown that the gene-targeted oligonucleotides show considerable variations in their effect on tumor tissue, depending on the target gene in question. The effects range from slowing and stopping the proliferation of tumor cells to suppressing their invasive capabilities. Despite their similarity, not all the antisense drugs targeting the same region of the mRN A of the target-gene were equally effective. The result is determined by the combination of the drug type used and the region of the target-gene mRN A that it complements.

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