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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10743</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2010-2-1-36-52</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Selectivity of Enzymatic Conversion of Oligonucleotide Probes during Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis of DN</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Selectivity of Enzymatic Conversion of Oligonucleotide Probes during Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis of DN</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vinogradova</surname><given-names>O A</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pyshnyi</surname><given-names>D V</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2010-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 2, NO1 (2010)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 2, №1 (2010)</issue-title><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2010, Vinogradova O.A., Pyshnyi D.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2010, Vinogradova O.A., Pyshnyi D.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2010</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vinogradova O.A., Pyshnyi D.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Vinogradova O.A., Pyshnyi D.V.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10743">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10743</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p/></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>The analysis of DNA nucleotide polymorphisms is one of the main goals of DNA diagnostics. DNA-dependent enzymes (DNA polymerases and DNA ligases) are widely used to enhance the sensitivity and reliability of systems intended for the detection of point mutations in genetic material. In this article, we have summarized the data on the selectiveness of DNA-dependent enzymes and on the structural factors in enzymes and DNA which influence the effectiveness of mismatch discrimination during enzymatic conversion of oligonucleotide probes on a DNA template. The data presented characterize the sensitivity of a series of DNA-dependent enzymes that are widely used in the detection of noncomplementary base pairs in nucleic acid substrate complexes. We have analyzed the spatial properties of the enzyme-substrate complexes. These properties are vital for the enzymatic reaction and the recognition of perfect DNA-substrates. We also discuss relevant approaches to increasing the selectivity of enzyme-dependent reactions. These approaches involve the use of modified oligonucleotide probes which “disturb” the native structure of the DNA-substrate complexes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>complexes</kwd><kwd>mismatch</kwd><kwd>selectivity</kwd><kwd>DNA ligase</kwd><kwd>DNA polymerase</kwd><kwd>modified oligonucleotide probes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Rocha D., Gut I., Jeffreys A.J., et al. // Hum. Genet. 2006. V. 119. № 4. P. 451-456.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Newton C.R., Graham A., Heptinstall L.E., et al. // Nucleic Acids Res. 1989. V. 17. № 7. Р. 2503-2516.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Huang M.M., Arnheim N., Goodman M.F. // Nucleic Acids Res. 1992. V. 20. № 17. P. 4567-4573.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Wu D.Y., Wallace R.B. // Genomics. 1989. V. 4. № 4. 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