Acta NaturaeActa NaturaeActa Naturae2075-8251Acta Naturae Ltd1067310.32607/20758251-2011-3-2-13-21ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticlePromoters with Cancer Cell-Specific Activity for Melanoma Gene TherapyPromoters with Cancer Cell-Specific Activity for Melanoma Gene TherapyPleshkanV Vvpleshkan@gmail.comAlekseenkoI VZinovyevaM VVinogradovaT VSverdlovE DShemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of SciencesInstitute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of SciencesShemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of SciencesInstitute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences1506201132VOL 3, NO2 (2011)ТОМ 3, №2 (2011)132117012020Copyright ©; 2011, Pleshkan V.V., Alekseenko I.V., Zinovyeva M.V., Vinogradova T.V., Sverdlov E.D.Copyright ©; 2011, Pleshkan V.V., Alekseenko I.V., Zinovyeva M.V., Vinogradova T.V., Sverdlov E.D.2011Pleshkan V.V., Alekseenko I.V., Zinovyeva M.V., Vinogradova T.V., Sverdlov E.D.Pleshkan V.V., Alekseenko I.V., Zinovyeva M.V., Vinogradova T.V., Sverdlov E.D.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10673

Melanoma is one of the most aggressive tumors. It develops from pigment-forming cells (melanocytes) and results in a high number of lethal outcomes. The use of genetic constructs with the ability to specifically kill melanoma cells, but not normal cells, might increase the lifespan of patients, as well as improve their quality of life. One of the methods to achieve a selective impact for therapeutic genes on cancer cells is to utilize a transcriptional control mechanism using promoters that are specifically activated only in cancerous cells. In this review, promoters of the genes that are preferentially expressed in melanoma cells are described. These promoters, and other highly melanoma-specific regulatory elements, reduce the unspecific expression of therapeutic genes in normal tissues. Moreover, cancer-specific promoters and their elements are advantageous for the development of universal anticancer drugs. Examples of the use of double promoters that have a high potential as instruments in cancer gene therapy are also given in this review.

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