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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10624</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2012-4-2-36-43</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Physicochemical Biology: Conquered Boundaries and New Horizons</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физико-химическая биология: достигнутые рубежи и новые горизонты</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Knorre</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кнорре</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>knorre@niboch.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины СО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2012-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 4, NO2 (2012)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 4, №2 (2012)</issue-title><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2012, Knorre D.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2012, Кнорре Д.Г.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Knorre D.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кнорре Д.Г.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10624">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10624</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this paper, we shall consider the main evolutionary stages that occurred within the field of physicochemical biology during the 20th century, following the determination of the tertiary structure of DNA by Watson and Crick and the subsequent successes in the X-ray structural analysis of biopolymers. The authors’ ideas on the pre-emptive problems and the methods used in physicochemical biology in the 21st century are also presented, including an investigation of the dynamics of biochemical processes, studies of the functions of unstructured proteins, as well as single-molecule investigations of enzymatic processes and of biopolymer tertiary structure formation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рассмотрены основные этапы становления физико-химической биологии в ХХ веке, развитие которой было обусловлено установлением Уотсоном и Криком пространственной структуры ДНК и успехами рентгеноструктурного анализа биополимеров. Высказаны соображения о новых приоритетных задачах и методах физико-химической биологии в ХХI веке, в число которых входят динамика биохимических процессов, функции неструктурированных белков, а также ферментативные процессы и формирование пространственной структуры биополимеров на уровне единичных молекул.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>enzyme active sites</kwd><kwd>unstructured proteins</kwd><kwd>dynamics of biochemical processes</kwd><kwd>single molecule studies of enzymatic processes and biopolymer tertiary structure formation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>структура ДНК</kwd><kwd>активные центры ферментов</kwd><kwd>неструктурированные белки</kwd><kwd>динамика биохимических процессов</kwd><kwd>наблюдение отдельных молекул</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Watson G.D., Crick F.H. // Nature. 1953. V. 172. 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