Acta NaturaeActa Naturae2075-8251Acta Naturae Ltd1061310.32607/20758251-2012-4-4-47-57Research ArticleEffect of 3D Cultivation Conditions on the Differentiation of Endodermal CellsPetrakovaO. S.PetrakovaOl@yandex.ruAshapkinV. V.PetrakovaOl@yandex.ruVoroteliakE. A.PetrakovaOl@yandex.ruBraginE. Yu.PetrakovaOl@yandex.ruShtratnikovaV. Yu.PetrakovaOl@yandex.ruCherniogloE. S.PetrakovaOl@yandex.ruSukhanovY. V.PetrakovaOl@yandex.ruTerskikhV. V.PetrakovaOl@yandex.ruVasilievA. V.PetrakovaOl@yandex.ruKoltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of SciencesLomonosov Moscow State UniversityBelozersky Institute, Moscow State UniversityCenter of Innovation and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds and Their Applications, Russian Academy of Sciences1512201244475717012020Copyright © 2012, Petrakova O.S., Ashapkin V.V., Voroteliak E.A., Bragin E.Y., Shtratnikova V.Y., Chernioglo E.S., Sukhanov Y.V., Terskikh V.V., Vasiliev A.V.2012<p>Cellular therapy of endodermal organs is one of the most important issues in modern cellular biology and biotechnology. One of the most promising directions in this field is the study of the transdifferentiation abilities of cells within the same germ layer. A method for an in vitro investigation of the cell differentiation potential (the cell culture in a three-dimensional matrix) is described in this article. Cell cultures of postnatal salivary gland cells and postnatal liver progenitor cells were obtained; their comparative analysis under 2D and 3D cultivation conditions was carried out. Both cell types have high proliferative abilities and can be cultivated for more than 20 passages. Under 2D cultivation conditions, the cells remain in an undifferentiated state. Under 3D conditions, they undergo differentiation, which was confirmed by a lower cell proliferation and by an increase in the differentiation marker expression. Salivary gland cells can undergo hepatic and pancreatic differentiation under 3D cultivation conditions. Liver progenitor cells also acquire a pancreatic differentiation capability under conditions of 3D cultivation. Thus, postnatal salivary gland cells exhibit a considerable differentiation potential within the endodermal germ layer and can be used as a promising source of endodermal cells for the cellular therapy of liver pathologies. 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