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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10603</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2013-5-2-81-89</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Factors Affecting Aggregate Formation in Cell Models of Huntington’s Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Условия агрегации мутантных белков в клеточных моделях болезни хантингтона и амиотрофического бокового склероза</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazarev</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарев</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vl.lazarev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sverchinskyi</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сверчинский</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vl.lazarev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ippolitova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ипполитова</surname><given-names>M. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vl.lazarev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaznacheyeva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казначеева</surname><given-names>A. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vl.lazarev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Guzhova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гужова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vl.lazarev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Margulis</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маргулис</surname><given-names>Б. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vl.lazarev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт цитологии РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2013-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 5, NO2 (2013)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 5, №2 (2013)</issue-title><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2013, Lazarev V.F., Sverchinskyi D.V., Ippolitova M.V., Kaznacheyeva A.V., Guzhova I.V., Margulis B.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2013, Лазарев В.Ф., Сверчинский Д.В., Ипполитова M.В., Казначеева A.В., Гужова И.В., Маргулис Б.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lazarev V.F., Sverchinskyi D.V., Ippolitova M.V., Kaznacheyeva A.V., Guzhova I.V., Margulis B.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лазарев В.Ф., Сверчинский Д.В., Ипполитова M.В., Казначеева A.В., Гужова И.В., Маргулис Б.A.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10603">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10603</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Most neurodegenerative pathologies stem from the formation of aggregates of mutant proteins, causing dysfunction and ultimately neuronal death. This study was aimed at elucidating the role of the protein factors that promote aggregate formation or prevent the process, respectively, glyceraldehyde-3-dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and Hsp70 molecular chaperone. The siRNA technology was used to show that the inhibition of GAPDH expression leads to a 45–50% reduction in the aggregation of mutant huntingtin, with a repeat of 103 glutamine residues in a model of Huntington’s disease (HD). Similarly, the blockage of GAPDH synthesis was found for the first time to reduce the degree of aggregation of mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (G93A) in a model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The treatment of cells that imitate HD and ALS with a pharmacological GAPDH inhibitor, hydroxynonenal, was also shown to reduce the amount of the aggregating material in both disease models. Tissue transglutaminase is another factor that promotes the aggregation of mutant proteins; the inhibition of its activity with cystamine was found to prevent aggregate formation of mutant huntingtin and SOD1. In order to explore the protective function of Hsp70 in the control of the aggregation of mutant huntingtin, a cell model with inducible expression of the chaperone was used. The amount and size of polyglutamine aggregates were reduced by increasing the intracellular content of Hsp70. Thus, pharmacological regulation of the function of three proteins, GAPDH, tTG, and Hsp70, can affect the pathogenesis of two significant neurodegenerative diseases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Большинство нейродегенеративных патологий связано с появлением цитотоксических олигомеров и агрегатов мутантных белков, вызывающих дисфункцию клеток мозга и их гибель. В представленной работе изучали функции белковых факторов, как способствующих образованию агрегатов, так и предотвращающих этот процесс. К таким белкам можно отнести глицеральдегид-3-фосфат-дегидрогеназу (ГАФД), тканевую трансглутаминазу (тТГ) и молекулярный шаперон - белок теплового шока 70 (БТШ70). Используя технологию siРНК, мы показали, что подавление экспрессии ГАФД в модели болезни Хантингтона (БХ) вызывает снижение на 45-50% уровня агрегации мутантного хантингтина, содержащего повтор из 103 остатков глутамина, и повышение количества выживших клеток. Впервые установлено, что блокирование синтеза ГАФД снижает степень агрегации супероксиддисмутазы-1 (СОД1) с мутацией G93A в модели амиотрофического бокового склероза (АБС). Обработка клеток, имитирующих БХ и АБС, ингибитором активности ГАФД, гидроксинонненалом (ГНЕ) также снижает количество агрегирующего материала. Агрегации мутантных белков способствует также тканевая трансглутаминаза. Подавление активности этого фермента с помощью цистамина препятствует образованию агрегатов мутантной СОД1 и хантингтина. Роль БТШ70 в контроле агрегации мутантного хантингтина изучали с использованием линии клеток с индуцибельной экспрессией шаперона. Увеличивая содержание БТШ70, мы добились снижения числа и размеров растущих агрегатов мутантного хантингтина. Таким образом, модуляция функции/количества трех белков (ГАФД, трансглутаминазы и БТШ70) влияет на патогенез таких распространенных нейродегенеративных заболеваний, как болезнь Хантингтона и амиотрофический боковой склероз.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neurodegenerative pathologies</kwd><kwd>glyceralgehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase</kwd><kwd>chaperones</kwd><kwd>mutant proteins</kwd><kwd>aggregation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейродегенеративные заболевания</kwd><kwd>глицеральдегид-3-фосфат-дегидрогеназа</kwd><kwd>шапероны</kwd><kwd>мутантные белки</kwd><kwd>агрегация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Programme of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences "Basic Sciences - Medicine" and the RFBR (grants No. 11-04-12047-ofi_m and 12-08-31523).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана программой Президиума РАН «Фундаментальные науки – медицине» и РФФИ (гранты № 11-04-12047-офи_м и 12-08-31523).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Margulis B., Kinev A., Guzhova I. // Heat Shock Proteins in Biology and Medicine.Kerala, India. // Research Signpost 2006, P.305-329</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>[2] Evert B.O., Wüllner U., Klockgether T. // Cell Tissue Res. 2000, V.301, P.189-204</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>[3] Perutz M.F., Johnson T., Suzuki M., Finch J.T. // Proc. 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