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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10600</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2013-5-2-62-69</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transcriptome Profiling in Mice with Genetically Different Susceptibility to Tuberculosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Транскриптом Mycobacterium tuberculosis при заражении мышей с разной генетической чувствительностью к инфекции</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsov</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцов</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>timofey@ibch.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>timofey@ibch.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Majorov</surname><given-names>K. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майоров</surname><given-names>K. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>timofey@ibch.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Apt</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Апт</surname><given-names>A. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>timofey@ibch.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Azhikina</surname><given-names>T. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ажикина</surname><given-names>T. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>timofey@ibch.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биоорганической химии им. акад. М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Central Institute for Tuberculosis</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза РАМН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2013-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 5, NO2 (2013)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 5, №2 (2013)</issue-title><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2013, Skvortsov T.A., Ignatov D.V., Majorov K.B., Apt A.S., Azhikina T.L.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2013, Скворцов T.A., Игнатов Д.В., Майоров K.Б., Апт A.С., Ажикина T.Л.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Skvortsov T.A., Ignatov D.V., Majorov K.B., Apt A.S., Azhikina T.L.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Скворцов T.A., Игнатов Д.В., Майоров K.Б., Апт A.С., Ажикина T.Л.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10600">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10600</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Whole transcriptome profiling is now almost routinely used in various fields of biology, including microbiology. In vivo transcriptome studies usually provide relevant information about the biological processes in the organism and thus are indispensable for the formulation of hypotheses, testing, and correcting. In this study, we describe the results of genome-wide transcriptional profiling of the major human bacterial pathogen M. tuberculosis during its persistence in lungs. Two mouse strains differing in their susceptibility to tuberculosis were used for experimental infection with M. tuberculosis. Mycobacterial transcriptomes obtained from the infected tissues of the mice at two different time points were analyzed by deep sequencing and compared. It was hypothesized that the changes in the M. tuberculosis transcriptome may attest to the activation of the metabolism of lipids and amino acids, transition to anaerobic respiration, and increased expression of the factors modulating the immune response. A total of 209 genes were determined whose expression increased with disease progression in both host strains (commonly upregulated genes, CUG). Among them, the genes related to the functional categories of lipid metabolism, cell wall, and cell processes are of great interest. It was assumed that the products of these genes are involved in M. tuberculosis adaptation to the host immune system defense, thus being potential targets for drug development.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Изучение экспрессии генов с помощью массированного секвенирования в настоящее время находит широкое применение в различных областях биологии, включая микробиологию. В данной работе приведены результаты анализа полногеномной экспрессии Mycobacterium tuberculosis при персистировании в тканях легкого инфицированного хозяина. Мышей двух линий с генетически различной чувствительностью к туберкулезу инфицировали патогенными бактериями M. tuberculosis. Библиотеки кДНК микобактерий, полученные из инфицированных тканей, были подвергнуты массированному секвенированию и сравнительному анализу. Установлено, что структура транскриптома M. tuberculosis при развитии инфекции указывает на активизацию липидного метаболизма, метаболизма аминокислот, переход к анаэробному дыханию, повышение экспрессии факторов модуляции иммунного ответа. Важный результат нашей работы – выделение 209 генов, уровень экспрессии которых повышался в ходе развития инфекционного процесса в организмах хозяев обеих линий – Commonly Upregulated Genes (CUG). Наибольший интерес представляют гены, относящиеся к функциональным категориям липидного метаболизма и клеточной стенки и клеточных процессов. Мы полагаем, что продукты этих генов необходимы M. tuberculosis для преодоления иммунного ответа организма хозяина и тем самым представляют потенциальные мишени для разработки лекарственных средств.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>transcriptome in vivo</kwd><kwd>next generation sequencing</kwd><kwd>RNA-seq</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>транскриптом in vivo</kwd><kwd>Commonly Upregulated Genes</kwd><kwd>RNA-seq</kwd><kwd>туберкулез</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Agreement No. 8308); RFBR (grant No. 11-04-01325); The Support Programme for Leading Scientific Schools of Russia (Project NSh-1674.2012.4); The Programme of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences "Molecular and Cellular Biology".</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана Министерством образования и науки РФ (соглашение № 8308); РФФИ (грант № 11-04-01325); Программой поддержки ведущих научных школ России (проект НШ-1674.2012.4); Программой Президиума РАН «Молекулярная и клеточная биология».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Cole S.T., Brosch R., Parkhill J., Garnier T., Churcher C., Harris D., Gordon S.V., Eiglmeier K., Gas S., Barry C.E. 3rd // Nature 1998, V.393, №6685, P.537-544</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>[2] Wilson M., DeRisi J., Kristensen H.H., Imboden P., Rane S., Brown P.O., Schoolnik G.K. // Proc. 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