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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10552</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2014-6-1-23-34</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Molecular Mechanism of Global Genome Nucleotide Excision Repair</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярные механизмы действия системы общегеномной эксцизионной репарации нуклеотидов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petruseva</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрусева</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lavrik@niboch.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Evdokimov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евдокимов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lavrik@niboch.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lavrik</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лаврик</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lavrik@niboch.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины СО РА</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины СО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Altai State University, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Алтайский государственный университет Министерства образования и науки РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State University, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет Министерства образования и науки РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 6, NO1 (2014)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 6, №1 (2014)</issue-title><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2014, Petruseva I.O., Evdokimov A.N., Lavrik O.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2014, Петрусева И.О., Евдокимов А.Н., Лаврик О.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petruseva I.O., Evdokimov A.N., Lavrik O.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петрусева И.О., Евдокимов А.Н., Лаврик О.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10552">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10552</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a multistep process that recognizes and eliminates a wide spectrum of damage causing significant distortions in the DNA structure, such as UV-induced damage and bulky chemical adducts. The consequences of defective NER are apparent in the clinical symptoms of individuals affected by three disorders associated with reduced NER capacities: xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), Cockayne syndrome (CS), and trichothiodystrophy (TTD). These disorders have in common increased sensitivity to UV irradiation, greatly elevated cancer incidence (XP), and multi-system immunological and neurological disorders. The eucaryotic NER system eliminates DNA damage by the excision of 24-32 nt single-strand oligonucleotides from a damaged strand, followed by restoration of an intact double helix by DNA repair synthesis and DNA ligation. About 30 core polypeptides are involved in the entire repair process. NER consists of two pathways distinct in initial damage sensor proteins: transcription-coupled repair (TC-NER) and global genome repair (GG-NER). The article reviews current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying damage recognition and its elimination from mammalian DNA.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Эксцизионная репарация нуклеотидов (NER) в клетках высших эукариот - многостадийный процесс, с помощью которого распознаются и удаляются из ДНК повреждения, вызывающие заметные нарушения ее регулярной структуры, такие, как УФ-повреждения и объемные химические аддукты. В клетках высших эукариот NER - универсальный путь удаления объемных повреждений. Нарушения в работе системы NER ассоциированы с появлением симптомов таких заболеваний, как пигментная ксеродерма, синдром Коккейна и трихотиодистрофия, которые характеризуются повышенной чувствительностью к УФ-облучению и высокой предрасположенностью к онкологическим заболеваниям (в случае пигментной ксеродермы), а также множественными системными неврологическими и иммунологическими аномалиями. Система NER эукариот удаляет из поврежденной цепи ДНК 24-32-звенные фрагменты с последующим восстановлением интактной двойной спирали с помощью репаративного синтеза и лигирования. В процесс NER вовлечено примерно 30 полипептидов. Существуют две ветви NER - репарация, сопряженная с транскрипцией (TCR), и общегеномная репарация (GGR), различающиеся типом белка-сенсора, который осуществляет первичное узнавание повреждения. В данном кратком обзоре рассмотрены современные представления о молекулярных механизмах, лежащих в основе процессов узнавания повреждений и их удаления из ДНК млекопитающих.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nucleotide excision repair</kwd><kwd>repair factors</kwd><kwd>molecular mechanisms of damage recognition and elimination</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молекулярные механизмы узнавания и удаления повреждений</kwd><kwd>факторы репарации</kwd><kwd>эксцизионная репарация нуклеотидов</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant N 12-04-00487a), Russian Academy of Sciences (Program of Fundamental Studies “Molecular and Cell Biology”), and the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (NSh-420.2014.4 and support for laboratory of O.I. Lavrik in Novosibirsk State University).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана РФФИ (грант № 12-04-00487а), РАН (программы фундаментальных исследований «Молекулярная и клеточная биология»), Министерством образования и науки РФ (НШ-420.2014.4).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Gillet L.C., Schärer O.D. // Chem. Rev. 2006. V. 106. № 2. P. 253-276.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>2. Sugasawa K. // Mutat. Res. 2010. V. 685. № 1. P. 29-37.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>3. Volker M., Mone M.J., Karmakar P., van Hoffen A., Schul W., Vermeulen W., Hoeijmakers J.H., van Driel R., van Zeeland A.A., Mullenders L.H. // Mol. Cell. 2001. V. 8. № 1. P. 213-224.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>4. Lehmann A.R. // Biochimie. 2003. V. 85. 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