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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10545</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2014-6-2-41-47</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Structural Features of the Telomerase RNA Gene in the Naked Mole Rat Heterocephalus glaber</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Структурные особенности гена теломеразной РНК Heterocephalus glaber</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Evfratov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евфратов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>evfratov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smekalova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смекалова</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>evfratov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>evfratov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Logvina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логвина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>evfratov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zvereva</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зверева</surname><given-names>М. Э.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>evfratov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dontsova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Донцова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>evfratov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химической биологии им. А.Н. Белозерского Московского государственного университета им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 6, NO2 (2014)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 6, №2 (2014)</issue-title><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2014, Evfratov S.A., Smekalova E.M., Golovin A.V., Logvina N.A., Zvereva M.I., Dontsova O.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2014, Евфратов С.А., Смекалова Е.М., Головин А.В., Логвина Н.А., Зверева М.Э., Донцова О.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Evfratov S.A., Smekalova E.M., Golovin A.V., Logvina N.A., Zvereva M.I., Dontsova O.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Евфратов С.А., Смекалова Е.М., Головин А.В., Логвина Н.А., Зверева М.Э., Донцова О.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10545">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10545</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Telomere length, an important feature of life span control, is dependent on the activity of telomerase (a key enzyme of the telomere-length-maintaining system). Telomerase RNA is a component of telomerase and, thus, is crucial for its activity. The structures of telomerase RNA genes and their promoter regions were compared for the long-living naked mole rat and different organisms. Two rare polymorphisms in Heterocephalus glaber telomerase RNA (hgTER) were identified: A→G in the first loop of pseudoknot P2b-p3 (an equivalent of 111nt in hTR) and G→A in the scaRNA domain CR7-p8b (an equivalent of 421nt in hTR). Analysis of TER promoter regions allowed us to identify two new transcription factor binding sites. The first one is the ETS family site, which was found to be a conserved element for all the analyzed TER promoters. The second site is unique for the promoter region of TER of the naked mole rat and is a binding site for the SOX17 transcription factor. The absence of one Sp1 site in the TER promoter region of the naked small rat is an additional specific feature of the promoter area of hgTER. Such variation in the hgTER transcription regulation region and hgTER itself could provide increased telomerase activity in stem cells and an extended lifespan to H. glaber.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Система поддержания длины теломер играет важную роль в старении организма. Сердцем этой системы является теломеразный комплекс, в который входят фермент обратная транскриптаза и теломеразная РНК, служащая матрицей для синтеза теломерных повторов на концах хромосом. В результате биоинформатического сравнения структуры гена теломеразной РНК (TER) и его промоторного участка долгоживущего голого землекопа Heterocephalus glaber и TER других видов найдены два основных отличия теломеразной РНК H. glaber (hgTER). Это замена A → G в первой петле псевдоузла P2b-p3, что соответствует нуклеотиду 111 в теломеразной РНК человека (hTR), и замена G → A в домене CR7-p8b (соответствует нуклеотиду 421 hTR). Анализ промоторных участков гена TER позволил идентифицировать два новых сайта связывания факторов транскрипции: сайт взаимодействия с белками семейства ETS, найденный в промоторных участках генов всех проанализированных TER, и сайт связывания фактора SOX17, уникальный для TER голого землекопа. Еще одной отличительной чертой гена hgTER оказалось отсутствие одного из Sp1-сайтов. Особенности hgTER и регуляции ее транскрипции могут рассматриваться как один из важных факторов, обеспечивающих повышенную теломеразную активность в стволовых клетках H. glaber и увеличение продолжительности его жизни.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>H. glaber</kwd><kwd>telomerase RNA</kwd><kwd>bioinformatics</kwd><kwd>promoter analysis</kwd><kwd>comparative genomics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биоинформатика</kwd><kwd>Heterocephalus glaber</kwd><kwd>промотор</kwd><kwd>сравнительная геномика</kwd><kwd>теломеразная РНК</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, project № 829, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grants № 11-04-01310-a and 14-04-01092-a), and the Moscow State University development program (PNR5.13).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана Министерством образования и науки РФ (грант № 8297), РФФИ (гранты № 11-04-01310-а и 14-04-01092-а), программой развития Московского государственного университета им. М.В. Ломоносова (ПНР 5.13).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Rando T.A. // Nature 2006, V.441, P.1080-1086</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>[2] Van Zant G., Liang Y. // Exp. Hematol. 2003, V.31(8), P.659-672</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>[3] Rossi D.J., Bryder D., Weissman I.L. // Exp. Gerontol. 2007, V.42, P.385-390</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>[4] Tümpel S., Rudolph K.L. // Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 2012, V.1266, P.28-39</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>[5] Blasco M.A. // Nat. Chem. 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