<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10541</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2014-6-2-31-35</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Analysis of the Mitochondrial Genome of a Novosvobodnaya Culture Representative using Next-Generation Sequencing and Its Relation to the Funnel Beaker Culture</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Секвенирование полного митохондриального генома древнего человека, представителя новосвободненской культуры, указывает на ее возможную связь с культурой воронковидных кубков</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nedoluzhko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Недолужко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nedoluzhko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Boulygina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булыгина</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nedoluzhko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nedoluzhko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsygankova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыганкова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nedoluzhko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gruzdeva</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Груздева</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nedoluzhko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rezepkin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Резепкин</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nedoluzhko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokhortchouk</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прохорчук</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>prokhortchouk@biengi.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский центр «Курчатовский институт»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute for the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт истории материальной культуры РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Center of Bioengineering, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр «Биоинженерия» РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 6, NO2 (2014)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 6, №2 (2014)</issue-title><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2014, Nedoluzhko A.V., Boulygina E.S., Sokolov A.S., Tsygankova S.V., Gruzdeva N.M., Rezepkin A.D., Prokhortchouk E.B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2014, Недолужко А.В., Булыгина Е.С., Соколов А.С., Цыганкова С.В., Груздева Н.М., Резепкин А.Д., Прохорчук Е.Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nedoluzhko A.V., Boulygina E.S., Sokolov A.S., Tsygankova S.V., Gruzdeva N.M., Rezepkin A.D., Prokhortchouk E.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Недолужко А.В., Булыгина Е.С., Соколов А.С., Цыганкова С.В., Груздева Н.М., Резепкин А.Д., Прохорчук Е.Б.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10541">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10541</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Novosvobodnaya culture is known as a Bronze Age archaeological culture in the North Caucasus region of Southern Russia. It dates back to the middle of the 4th millennium B.C. and seems to have occurred during the time of the Maikop culture. There are now two hypotheses about the emergence of the Novosvobodnaya culture. One hypothesis suggests that the Novosvobodnaya culture was a phase of the Maikop culture, whereas the other one classifies it as an independent event based on the material culture items found in graves. Comparison between Novosvobodnaya pottery and Funnelbeaker (TRB) pottery from Germany has allowed researchers to suggest that the Novosvobodnaya culture developed under the influence of Indo-European culture. Nevertheless, the origin of the Novosvobodnaya culture remains a matter of debate. We applied next-generation sequencing to study ~5000-year-old human remains from the Klady kurgan grave in Novosvobodnaya stanitsa (now the Republic of Adygea, Russia). A total of 58,771,105 reads were generated using Illumina GAIIx with a coverage depth of 13.4х over the mitochondrial (mt) DNA genome. The mtDNA haplogroup affiliation was determined as V7, suggesting a role of the TRB culture in the development of the Novosvobodnaya culture and supporting the model of sharing between Novosvobodnaya and early Indo-European cultures.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Методом широкомасштабного секвенирования впервые в России проанализирована полная последовательность митохондриального генома древнего человека - представителя новосвободненской археологической культуры. История изучения памятников эпохи ранней бронзы на Северном Кавказе насчитывает более 110 лет. Большинство археологов выделяют здесь единственную майкопскую культуру с двумя этапами развития, сформированную выходцами из Передней Азии в 3700-3600 годах до н. э. Однако характер ряда археологических находок, сделанных в 1979-1991 годах в станице Новосвободная (Республика Адыгея), и их сходство с артефактами культуры воронковидных кубков позволили предположить происхождение, отличное от майкопской культуры. В представленной работе с помощью методов геномного анализа изучены костные останки человека, найденные в районе станицы Новосвободной, возраст которых превышает 5500 лет. Однонуклеотидные полиморфизмы, обнаруженные в митохондриальном геноме этого человека, позволили отнести исследуемый образец к митохондриальной гаплогруппе V7. Таким образом, анализ полной нуклеотидной последовательности митохондриальной ДНК из костных останков, публикуемый в данной работе, в сочетании с результатами изучения археологических артефактов позволяет рассматривать найденные в станице Новосвободная артефакты как самостоятельное явление (археологическую культуру), тесно связанное с культурой воронковидных кубков.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Novosvobodnaya culture</kwd><kwd>Maikop culture</kwd><kwd>haplogroup, mitochondrial DNA</kwd><kwd>sequencing</kwd><kwd>genomics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>новосвободненская культура</kwd><kwd>майкопская культура</kwd><kwd>гаплогруппа</kwd><kwd>митохондриальная ДНК</kwd><kwd>секвенирование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Fund for Basic Research (grant № 13-06-12025 ofi_m) and a scholarship of the President of the Russian Federation (SP-2056.2012.5).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана РФФИ (грант № 13-06-12025 офи_м) и стипендией Президента Российской Федерации (СП-2056.2012.5).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Yessen A.A. // M.: Soviet Archaeology // The chronology of “huge Kuban burial mounds” 1950, V.12</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>[2] Munchaev P.M. // The Caucasus in early Bronze Age. M.: Nauka 1975, P.416</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>[3] Munchaev P.M. // Maykop culture. Archaeology: Bronze Age of Caucasus and Central Asia. Early and middle Bronze Age of Caucasus. M.: Nauka 1994, P.158-225</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>[4] Rezepkin A.D. // Das frühbronzezeitliche Gräberfeld von Klady und die Majkop-Kultur in Nordwestkaukasien. Archäologie in Eurasien. M.: Leidorf 2000, V.10, P.74</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>[5] Rezepkin A.D. // Novosvobodnenskaya culture (on basis of “Klady” excavations). St.-Peterburg 2012, P.343</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>[6] Paabo S. // Nature 1985, V.314, №6012, P.644-645</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>[7] Haak W., Balanovsky O., Sanchez J., Koshel S., Zaporozhchenko V., Adler C., der Sarkissian C., Brandt G., Schwarz C., Nicklisch N. // PLoS Biol. 2010, V.8, №11, P.e1000536</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>[8] Green R.E., Krause J., Briggs A.W., Maricic T., Stenzel U., Kircher M. // Science. 2010, V.328, №5979, P.710-722</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>[9] Lorenzen E.D., Nogues-Bravo D., Orlando L., Weinstock J., Binladen J., Marske K.A., Ugan A., Borregaard M.K., Gilbert M.T., Nielsen R. // Nature 2011, V.479, №7373, P.359-364</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>[10] Rasmussen M., Guo X., Wang Y., Lohmueller K.E., Rasmussen S., Albrechtsen A., Skotte L., Lindgreen S., Metspalu M., Jombart T. // Science. 2011, V.334, №6025, P.94-98</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>[11] Ozawa T., Hayashi S., Mikhelson V.M. // J. Mol. Evol. 1997, V.44, №4, P.406-413</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>[12] Poinar H., Kuch M., McDonald G., Martin P., Paabo S. // Curr. Biol. 2013, V.13, №13, P.1150-1152</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>[13] Barnes I., Shapiro B., Lister A., Kuznetsova T., Sher A., Guthrie D., Thomas M.G. // Curr. Biol. 2007, V.17, №12, P.1072-1075</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>[14] Vilstrup J.T., Seguin-Orlando A., Stiller M., Ginolhac A., Raghavan M., Nielsen S.C., Weinstock J., Froese D., Vasiliev S.K., Ovodov N.D. // PLoS One. 2013. V. 8. № 2. e55950. 2013, V.8, №2, P.e55950</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>[15] Orlando L., Ginolhac A., Zhang G., Froese D., Albrechtsen A., Stiller M., Schubert M., Cappellini E., Petersen B., Moltke I. // Nature 2013, V.499, №7456, P.74-78</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>[16] Pakendorf B., Stoneking M. // Annu. Rev. Genomics Hum. Genet. 2005, V.6, P.165-183</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>[17] Allentoft M.E., Collins M., Harker D., Haile J., Oskam C.L., Hale M.L., Campos P.F., Samaniego J.A., Gilbert M.T., Willerslev E. // Proc. Biol. Sci. 2012, V.279, №1748, P.4724-4733</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>[18] Orlando L., Metcalf J.L., Alberdi M.T., Telles-Antunes M., Bonjean D., Otte M., Martin F., Eisenmann V., Mashkour M., Morello F. // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2009, V.106, №51, P.21754-21759</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>[19] Langmead B., Salzberg S.L. // Nat. Methods. 2012, V.9, №4, P.357-359</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>[20] Jonsson H., Ginolhac A., Schubert M., Johnson P.L., Orlando L. // Bioinformatics.` 2013, V.29, №13, P.1682-1684</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>[21] Koboldt D.C., Larson D.E., Chen K., Ding L., Wilson R.K. // Genome Res 2012, V.22, №3, P.568-576</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>[22] Kloss-Brandstatter A., Pacher D., Schonherr S., Weissensteiner H., Binna R., Specht G., Kronenberg F. // Hum. Mutat 2011, V.32, №1, P.25-32</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>[23] Simpson J.T., Wong K., Jackman S.D., Schein J.E., Jones S.J., Birol I. // Genome Res 2009, V.19, №6, P.1117-1123</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>[24] Garcia-Garcera M., Gigli E., Sanchez-Quinto F., Ramirez O., Calafell F., Civit S., Lalueza-Fox C. // PLoS One. 2011, V.6, №8, P.e24161</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>[25] Hofreiter M., Jaenicke V., Serre D., Haeseler A., Paabo S. // Nucleic Acids Research 2001, V.29, №23, P.4793-4799</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>[26] Dabney J., Knapp M., Glocke I., Gansauge M.T., Weihmann A., Nickel B., Valdiosera C., Garcia N., Paabo S., Arsuaga J.L. // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2013, V.110, №39, P.15758-15763</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>[27] Sykes B. // Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 1999, V.354, №1397, P.131-139</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>[28] Haak W., Forster P., Bramanti B., Matsumura S., Brandt G., Tanzer M., Villems R., Renfrew C., Gronenborn D., Alt K.W. // Science. 2005, V.310, №5750, P.1016-1018</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>[29] Kittles R. A., Bergen A. W., Urbanek M., Virkkunen M., Linnoila M., Goldman D., Long J.C. // Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 1999, V.108, №4, P.381-399</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>[30] Achilli A., Rengo C., Magri C., Battaglia V., Olivieri A., Scozzari R., Cruciani F., Zeviani M., Briem E., Carelli V. // Am. J. Hum. Genet. 2004, V.75, №5, P.910-918</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>[31] Malmstrom H., Gilbert M.T., Thomas M.G., Brandstrom M., Stora J., Molnar P., Andersen P.K., Bendixen C., Holmlund G., Gotherstrom A. // Curr. Biol 2009, V.19, №20, P.1758-1762</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>[32] Willerslev E., Gilbert M.T., Gotherstrom A., Jakobsson M. // Science. 2012, V.336, №6080, P.466-469</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
