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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10533</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2014-6-3-41-51</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Mycoplasma Contamination of Cell Cultures: Vesicular Traffic in Bacteria and Control over Infectious Agents</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Микоплазменные контаминации клеточных культур: везикулярный трафик у бактерий и проблема контроля инфектогенов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ljoscha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ljoscha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sanchez-Vega</surname><given-names>J. T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Санчес-Вега</surname><given-names>Х. Т.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="MX">Mexico</country></address><email>ljoscha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolpakov</surname><given-names>А. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колпаков</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ljoscha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilinskaya</surname><given-names>О. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильинская</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ljoscha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский институт биохимии и биофизики Казанского научного центра РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Autonomous University of Mexico</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный автономный университет Мексики</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 6, NO3 (2014)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 6, №3 (2014)</issue-title><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2014, Chernov V.M., Chernova O.A., Sanchez-Vega J.T., Kolpakov А.I., Ilinskaya О.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2014, Чернов В.М., Чернова О.А., Санчес-Вега Х.Т., Колпаков А.И., Ильинская О.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernov V.M., Chernova O.A., Sanchez-Vega J.T., Kolpakov А.I., Ilinskaya О.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чернов В.М., Чернова О.А., Санчес-Вега Х.Т., Колпаков А.И., Ильинская О.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10533">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10533</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cell cultures are subject to contamination either with cells of other cultures or with microorganisms, including fungi, viruses, and bacteria. Mycoplasma contamination of cell cultures is of particular importance. Since cell cultures are used for the production of vaccines and physiologically active compounds, designing a system for controlling contaminants becomes topical for fundamental science and biotechnological production. The discovery of extracellular membrane vesicles in mycoplasmas makes it necessary to take into consideration the bacterial vesicular traffic in systems designed for controlling infectious agents. The extracellular vesicles of bacteria mediate the traffic of proteins and genes, participate in cell-to-cell interactions, as well as in the pathogenesis and development of resistance to antibiotics. The present review discusses the features of mycoplasmas, their extracellular vesicles, and the interaction between contaminants and eukaryotic cells. Furthermore, it provides an analysis of the problems associated with modern methods of diagnosis and eradication of mycoplasma contamination from cell cultures and prospects for their solution.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Клеточные культуры подвержены контаминации как клетками других культур, так и микроорганизмами, включая грибы, вирусы, бактерии. Особое значение имеет контаминация клеточных культур микоплазмами. Поскольку культуры клеток используются для получения вакцин и физиологически активных соединений, разработка системы контроля контаминации актуальна как для фундаментальной науки, так и для биотехнологических производств. Обнаружение у микоплазм внеклеточных мембранных везикул диктует необходимость учета везикулярного трафика бактерий в системе контроля инфектогенов. Внеклеточные везикулы бактерий опосредуют трафик белков и генов, участвуют в межклеточных взаимодействиях, патогенезе и развитии резистентности к антибактериальным препаратам. В обзоре рассмотрены особенности микоплазм и их внеклеточных везикул, а также взаимодействие контаминантов с клетками эукариот, проанализированы проблемы современных способов диагностики, эрадикации микоплазменной контаминации клеточных культур и перспективы их решения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diagnosis and eradication</kwd><kwd>cell cultures</kwd><kwd>mycoplasma contamination</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Диагностика и эрадикация</kwd><kwd>клеточные культуры</kwd><kwd>микоплазменная контаминация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was performed within the scope of the Program for Increasing the Competiveness of the Kazan (Volga region) Federal University of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grants No 14-04-00883a, 12-04-01052a, 12-04-01226a), the Presidential grant (MK-3823.2023.4) and a grant for government support of leading scientific schools of the Russian Federation (No NSh-825.2012.4).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках Программы повышения конкурентоспособности Казанского (Приволжского) федерального университета Министерства образования и науки РФ, а также поддержана РФФИ (гранты № 14-04-00883а, 12-04-01052а, 12-04-01226а), грантом Президента РФ (МК-3823.2023.4), грантом по государственной поддержке ведущих научных школ РФ (№ НШ-825.2012.4).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Borkhsenius S.N., Chernova O.A., Chernov V.M., Vonsky M.S. // Mycoplasma. 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