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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10530</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2014-6-4-80-88</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">A Cytofluorometric Study of Membrane Rafts in Human Monocyte Subsets in Atherosclerosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цитофлуориметрическое изучение мембранных рафтов на субпопуляциях моноцитов человека при атеросклерозе</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chelombitko</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Челомбитько</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>atma69@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishkina</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишкина</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>atma69@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyinskaya</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильинская</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>atma69@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaminnyi</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каминный</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>atma69@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlunina</surname><given-names>T. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлунина</surname><given-names>Т. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>atma69@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samovilova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самовилова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>atma69@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gracheva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грачева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>atma69@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tararak</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарарак</surname><given-names>Э. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>atma69@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokazova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проказова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>atma69@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Cardiology Research and Production Complex</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский кардиологический научно-производственный комплекс Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 6, NO4 (2014)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 6, №4 (2014)</issue-title><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2014, Chelombitko M.A., Shishkina V.S., Ilyinskaya O.P., Kaminnyi A.I., Pavlunina T.O., Samovilova N.N., Gracheva E.V., Tararak E.M., Prokazova N.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2014, Челомбитько М.А., Шишкина В.С., Ильинская О.П., Каминный А.И., Павлунина Т.О., Самовилова Н.Н., Грачева Е.В., Тарарак Э.М., Проказова Н.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chelombitko M.A., Shishkina V.S., Ilyinskaya O.P., Kaminnyi A.I., Pavlunina T.O., Samovilova N.N., Gracheva E.V., Tararak E.M., Prokazova N.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Челомбитько М.А., Шишкина В.С., Ильинская О.П., Каминный А.И., Павлунина Т.О., Самовилова Н.Н., Грачева Е.В., Тарарак Э.М., Проказова Н.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10530">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10530</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The peripheral blood monocytes of atherosclerotic patients are pre-activated and have some of the features of tissue macrophages. Their adhesion to the endothelium is 1.5 times higher than that of monocytes from healthy subjects, and they express a number of receptors and antigens typical of tissue macrophages. Additionally, earlier we showed that the biosynthesis of gangliosides, whose main function is the formation of membrane rafts, is significantly activated in blood monocytes from atherosclerotic patients, as well as during the in vitro differentiation of normal monocytes into macrophages. In this study, we investigated the expression of membrane rafts on various monocyte subsets from healthy subjects and atherosclerotic patients. Based on flow cytometry results, the monocytes in the examined atherosclerotic patients were found to differ from those in healthy subjects by a twofold increase in the proportion of the intermediate subset (CD14 ++/CD16 +) and by enhancement in the expression of the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 on the intermediate and non-classical subsets (CD14 ++/CD16 + and CD14 +/CD16 ++) (2.3 and 1.8 times, respectively). This suggests a pre-activated state of monocytes in atherosclerotic patients. At the same time, the expression of the membrane raft marker on the monocyte subsets was similar in both studied groups. However, a study of the in vitro differentiation of monocytes into macrophages showed that the membrane raft expression increased 2 times as early as on the 1st day of culturing and 3 times on the 7th day compared to that in freshly isolated monocytes. Therefore, it is suggested that monocytes in atherosclerosis accumulate gangliosides that are used to form membrane rafts during the macrophage differentiation after the migration of monocytes into the arterial intima.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Моноциты периферической крови больных атеросклерозом предактивированы и обладают некоторыми чертами тканевых макрофагов. Их адгезия к эндотелию в 1.5 раза выше, чем у моноцитов здоровых субъектов, и они экспрессируют ряд рецепторов и антигенов, характерных для тканевых макрофагов. В дополнение к этому ранее мы показали, что в моноцитах крови больных атеросклерозом, так же как и при in vitro-дифференцировке моноцитов в макрофаги, значительно активируется биосинтез ганглиозидов, главная функция которых - формирование мембранных рафтов. В настоящей работе мы исследовали экспрессию мембранных рафтов на различных субпопуляциях моноцитов в норме и при атеросклерозе. Моноциты больных атеросклерозом, как показано методом проточной цитометрии, отличались от моноцитов здоровых субъектов двукратным увеличением процентного содержания промежуточной субпопуляции (CD14 <sup>++</sup>/CD16 <sup>+</sup>) и повышением экспрессии фракталкинового рецептора CX3CR1 на промежуточной и неклассической субпопуляциях (CD14 <sup>++</sup>/CD16 <sup>+</sup> и CD14 <sup>+</sup>/CD16 <sup>++</sup>) (в 2.3 и 1.8 раза соответственно). Это свидетельствует о предактивированном состоянии моноцитов больных. В то же время экспрессия маркера мембранных рафтов была одинаковой на субпопуляциях моноцитов обеих исследованных групп. Однако изучение in vitro дифференцировки моноцитов в макрофаги показало, что уже на первые сутки культивирования экспрессия мембранных рафтов повышалась в 2 раза и к 7-му дню возрастала в 3 раза в сравнении со свежевыделенными моноцитами. Таким образом, можно предположить, что при атеросклерозе моноциты накапливают ганглиозиды, которые используются для формирования мембранных рафтов при макрофагальной дифференцировке моноцитов после их миграции в интиму артерий.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>monocyte subsets</kwd><kwd>macrophages</kwd><kwd>membrane rafts</kwd><kwd>flow cytometry</kwd><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>макрофаги</kwd><kwd>мембранные рафты</kwd><kwd>проточная цитометрия</kwd><kwd>субпопуляции моноцитов</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grants 10-04-00888a and 12-04-31639)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана РФФИ (гранты № 10-04-00888а и 12-04-31639)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Zawada A.M., Rogacev K.S., Rotter B., Winter P., Marell R.R., Fliser D., Heine G.H. // Blood. 2011, V.118, №12, P.50-61</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>[2] Ancuta P., Liu K.Y., Misra V., Wacleche V.S., Gosselin A., Zhou X., Gabuzda D. // BMC Genomics. 2009, V.10, P.403-422</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>[3] Ziegler-Heitbrock L., Hofer T.P.J. // Frontiers in Immunology. 2013, V.4, P.1-5</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>[4] Hristov M., Schmitz S., Nauwelaers F., Weber C. // J. 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