<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10515</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2015-7-1-78-86</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Influence of Drug Resistance Mutations on the Activity of HIV-1 Subtypes A and B Integrases: a Comparative Study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительный анализ влияния мутаций лекарственной устойчивости на активность интеграз ВИЧ-1 субтипов А и В</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shadrina</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шадрина</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gottikh@belozersky.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zatsepin</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зацепин</surname><given-names>T. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gottikh@belozersky.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Agapkina</surname><given-names>Yu. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агапкина</surname><given-names>Ю. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gottikh@belozersky.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Isaguliants</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исагулянц</surname><given-names>M. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gottikh@belozersky.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gottikh</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Готтих</surname><given-names>M. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gottikh@belozersky.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ivanovsky Institute of Virology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт вирусологии им. Д.И. Ивановского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Tumor and Cell Biology Karolinska Institute</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 7, NO1 (2015)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 7, №1 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Shadrina O.A., Zatsepin T.S., Agapkina Y.Y., Isaguliants M.G., Gottikh M.B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Шадрина O.A., Зацепин T.С., Агапкина Ю.Ю., Исагулянц M.Г., Готтих M.Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shadrina O.A., Zatsepin T.S., Agapkina Y.Y., Isaguliants M.G., Gottikh M.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шадрина O.A., Зацепин T.С., Агапкина Ю.Ю., Исагулянц M.Г., Готтих M.Б.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10515">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10515</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Integration of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) DNA into the genome of an infected cell is one of the key steps in the viral replication cycle. The viral enzyme integrase (IN), which catalyzes the integration, is an attractive target for the development of new antiviral drugs. However, the HIV-1 therapy often results in the IN gene mutations inducing viral resistance to integration inhibitors. To assess the impact of drug resistance mutations on the activity of IN of HIV-1 subtype A strain FSU-A, which is dominant in Russia, variants of the consensus IN of this subtype containing the primary resistance mutations G118R and Q148K and secondary compensatory substitutions E138K and G140S were prepared and characterized. Comparative study of these enzymes with the corresponding mutants of IN of HIV-1 subtype B strains HXB-2 was performed. The mutation Q148K almost equally reduced the activity of integrases of both subtypes. Its negative effect was partially compensated by the secondary mutations E138K and G140S. Primary substitution G118R had different influence on the activity of proteins of the subtypes A and B, and the compensatory effect of the secondary substitution E138K also depended on the viral subtype. Comparison of the mutants resistance to the known strand transfer inhibitors raltegravir and elvitegravir, and a new inhibitor XZ-259 (a dihydro-1H-isoindol derivative), showed that integrases of both subtypes with the Q148K mutation were insensitive to raltegravir and elvitegravir but were effectively inhibited by XZ-259. The substitution G118R slightly reduced the efficiency of IN inhibition by raltegravir and elvitegravir and caused no resistance to XZ_259.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Интеграция ДНК вируса иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ-1) в геном зараженной клетки - одна из ключевых стадий репликативного цикла этого вируса. Катализирующий ее вирусный фермент интеграза служит важной мишенью для новых противовирусных препаратов. Однако при проведении антиретровирусной терапии в гене интегразы возникают мутации, вызывающие резистентность вируса к ингибиторам интеграции. Для оценки влияния мутаций лекарственной устойчивости на активность интегразы ВИЧ-1 субтипа А штамма FSU-A, доминирующего на территории России, получены и охарактеризованы препараты консенсусной интегразы этого субтипа вируса, содержащие первичные мутации лекарственной устойчивости G118R и Q148K и вторичные компенсаторные замены E138K и G140S, и проведено их сравнение с соответствующими мутантными формами интегразы ВИЧ-1 субтипа В штамма HXB-2. Мутация Q148K практически одинаково снижала активность интеграз обоих субтипов. Ее негативный эффект частично компенсировался вторичными мутациями E138K и G140S. Первичная замена G118R по-разному влияла на активность белков субтипов А и В, компенсаторное действие вторичной замены Е138К также зависело от субтипа вируса. Сравнение устойчивости всех мутантов к известным ингибиторам переноса цепи ралтегравиру и элвитегравиру и новому ингибитору XZ-259 из класса дигидро-1Н-изоиндолов показало, что белки обоих субтипов с мутацией Q148K малочувствительны к ралтегравиру и элвитегравиру, но достаточно эффективно ингибируются XZ-259. Замена G118R незначительно снижала эффективность ингибирования интеграз ралтегравиром и элвитегравиром и не вызывала устойчивости к XZ-259.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>integrase</kwd><kwd>HIV-1 subtype A</kwd><kwd>strain FSU-A</kwd><kwd>strand transfer inhibitor</kwd><kwd>drug resistance mutations</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-1 субтипа А</kwd><kwd>интеграза</kwd><kwd>ингибитор переноса цепи</kwd><kwd>мутации лекарственной устойчивости</kwd><kwd>штамм FSU-A</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grants 13-04-91440-NIZ, 13-04-01523a, 14-04-00833_a, 14-04-32086_mol-a ) and by the Development Program of Lomonosov Moscow State University (PNR 5.13).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана РФФИ (гранты № 13-04-91440-НИЗ_а, 13-04-01523а, 14-04-00833_а, 14-0432086_мол-а ) и программой развития Московского государственного университета им. М.В. Ломоносова (ПНР 5.13).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Quashie P.K., Mesplède T., Wainberg M.A. // Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 2013, V.26, №1, P.43-49</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>[2] Malet I., Delelis O., Valantin M.A., Montes B., Soulie C., Wirden M., Tchertanov L., Peytavin G., Reynes J., Mouscadet J-F. // Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother. 2008, V.52, №4, P.1351-1358</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>[3] Charpentier C., Karmochkine M., Laureillard D., Tisserand P., Bélec L., Weiss L., Si-Mohamed A., Piketty C. // HIV Med. 2008, V.9, №9, P.765-770</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>[4] Cooper D.A., Steigbigel R.T., Gatell J.M., Rockstroh J.K., Katlama C., Yeni P., Lazzarin A., Clotet B., Kumar P.N., Eron J.E. // N. Engl. J. Med. 2008, V.359, №4, P.355-365</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>[5] Goethals O., Clayton R., Van Ginderen M., Vereycken I., Wagemans E., Geluykens P., Dockx K., Strijbos R., Smits V., Vos A. // Virology Journal 2008, V.82, №21, P.10366-10374</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>[6] // Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database url http://hivdb. stanford.edu/DR/INIResiNote.html</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>[7] Nakahara K., Wakasa-Morimoto C., Kobayashi M., Miki S., Noshi T., Seki T., Kanamori-Koyama M., Kawauchi S., Suyama A., Fujishita T. // Antiviral Res. 2009, V.81, №2, P.141-146</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>[8] Delelis O., Malet I., Na L., Tchertanov L., Calvez V., Marcelin A.G., Subra F., Deprez E., Mouscadet J-F. // Nucleic Acids Res. 2009, V.37, №4, P.1193-1201</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>[9] Abram M.E., Hluhanich R.M., Goodman D.D., Andreatta K.N., Margot N.A., Ye L., Niedziela-Majka A., Barnes T.L., Novikov N., Chen X. // Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother. 2013, V.57, №6, P.2654-2663</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>[10] Fransen S., Gupta S., Danovich R., Hazuda D., Miller M., Witmer M., Petropoulos C.J., Huang W. // Virology Journal 2009, V.83, №22, P.11440-11446</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>[11] Goethals O., Vos A., Van Ginderen M., Geluykens P., Smits V., Schols D., Hertogs K., Clayton R. // Virology 2010, V.402, №2, P.338-346</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>[12] Canducci F., Ceresola E.R., Boeri E., Spagnuolo V., Cossarini F., Castagna A., Lazzarin A., Clementi M. // J. Infect. Dis. 2011, V.204, №11, P.1811-1815</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>[13] Underwood M.R., Johns B.A., Sato A., Martin J.N., Deeks S.G., Fujiwara T. // J. Acquir. Immune. Defic. Syndr. 2012, V.61, №3, P.297-301</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>[14] Kobayashi M., Yoshinaga T., Seki T., Wakasa-Morimoto C., Brown K.W., Ferris R., Foster S.A., Hazen R.J., Miki S., Suyama-Kagitani A. // Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother. 2011, V.55, №2, P.813-821</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>[15] Malet I., Gimferrer Arriaga L., Artese A., Costa G., Parrotta L., Alcaro S., Delelis O., Tmeizeh A., Katlama C., Valantin M.A. // J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2014, V.69, №8, P.2118-2122</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>[16] Quashie P.K., Mesplède T., Han Y.S., Oliveira M., Singhroy D.N., Fujiwara T., Underwood M.R., Wainberg M.A. // J.Virol. 2012, V.86, №5, P.2696-2705</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>[17] Quashie P.K., Mesplède T., Han Y.S., Veres T., Osman N., Hassounah S., Sloan R.D., Xu H.T., Wainberg MA. // Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother. 2013, V.57, №12, P.6223-6235</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>[18] Bar-Magen T., Sloan R.D., Donahue D.A., Kuhl B.D., Zabeida A., Xu H., Oliveira M., Hazuda D.J., Wainberg M.A. // Virology Journal 2010, V.84, №18, P.9210-9216</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>[19] Malet I., Fourati S., Charpentier C., Morand-Joubert L., Armenia D., Wirden M., Sayon S., Van Houtte M., Ceccherini-Silberstein F., Brun-Vézinet F. // J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2011, V.66, №12, P.2827-2830</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>[20] Lapovok I.A., Laga V.Yu., Vasil’ev A.V., Salamov G.G., Kazennova Ye.V., Matkovsky I.A., Mokhniy G.A., Melnik T.A., Bobkova M.P. // HIV-infection and immunosuppression. 2012, V.4, №2, P.73-81</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>[21] Krotova O., Starodubova E., Petkov S., Kostic L., Agapkina J., Hallengärd D., Viklund A., Latyshev O., Gelius E., Dillenbeck T. // PLoS One. 2013, V.8, №5, P.e62720</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>[22] Shadrina O., Krotova O., Agapkina J., Knyazhanskaya E., Korolev S., Starodubova E., Viklund A., Lukashov V., Magnani M., Medstrand P. // Biochimie. 2014, V.102, P.92-101</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>[23] Métifiot M., Maddali K., Johnson B.C., Hare S., Smith S.J., Zhao X.Z., Marchand C., Burke T.R. Jr., Hughes S.H., Cherepanov P. // ACS Chem. Biol. 2013, V.8, №1, P.209-217</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>[24] Leh H., Brodin P., Bischerour J., Deprez E., Tauc P., Brochon J.C., LeCam E., Coulaud D., Auclair C., Mouscadet J.F. // Biochemistry. 2000, V.39, P.9285-9294</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>[25] Marinello J., Marchand C., Mott B.T., Bain A., Thomas C.J., Pommier Y. // Biochemistry. 2009, V.47, №36, P.9345-9354</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
