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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10510</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2015-7-1-48-59</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Regulation of PGC-1α Isoform Expression in Skeletal Muscles</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Регуляция экспрессии изоформ PGC-1α в скелетных мышцах</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>danil-popov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lysenko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лысенко</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>danil-popov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>danil-popov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradova</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградова</surname><given-names>O. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>danil-popov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoriev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьев</surname><given-names>A. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>danil-popov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Biomedical problems, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт медико-биологических проблем РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 7, NO1 (2015)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 7, №1 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Popov D.V., Lysenko E.A., Kuzmin I.V., Vinogradova O.L., Grigoriev A.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Попов Д.В., Лысенко E.A., Кузьмин И.В., Виноградова O.Л., Григорьев A.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popov D.V., Lysenko E.A., Kuzmin I.V., Vinogradova O.L., Grigoriev A.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попов Д.В., Лысенко E.A., Кузьмин И.В., Виноградова O.Л., Григорьев A.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10510">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10510</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The coactivator PGC-1α is the key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle expresses several PGC-1α isoforms. This review covers the functional role of PGC-1α isoforms and the regulation of their exercise-associated expression in skeletal muscle. The patterns of PGC-1α mRNA expression may markedly differ at rest and after muscle activity. Different signaling pathways are activated by different physiological stimuli, which regulate the expression of the PGC-1α gene from the canonical and alternative promoters: expression from a canonical (proximal) promoter is regulated by activation of the AMPK; expression from an alternative promoter, via a β2-adrenergic receptor. All transcripts from both promoters are subject to alternative splicing. As a result, truncated isoforms that possess different properties are translated: truncated isoforms are more stable and predominantly activate angiogenesis, whereas full-length isoforms manly regulate mitochondrial biogenesis. The existence of several isoforms partially explains the broad-spectrum function of this protein and allows the organism to adapt to different physiological stimuli. Regulation of the PGC-1α gene expression by different signaling pathways provides ample opportunity for pharmacological influence on the expression of this gene. Those opportunities might be important for the treatment and prevention of various diseases, such as metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. Elucidation of the regulatory mechanisms of the PGC-1α gene expression and their functional role may provide an opportunity to control the expression of different isoforms through exercise and/or pharmacological intervention.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В обзоре рассмотрены функциональная роль и регуляция экспрессии различных изоформ белка-коактиватора PGC-1α, одного из ключевых регуляторов биогенеза митохондрий в скелетной мышце. Паттерн экспрессии мРНК PGC-1α может значительно изменяться в покое и после мышечной активности. Это связано с тем, что экспрессия гена PGC-1α с канонического и альтернативного промоторов регулируется различными физиологическими стимулами, которые воздействуют на разные сигнальные пути. Экспрессия с канонического (проксимального) промотора регулируется главным образом через AMP-активируемую протеинкиназу, а с альтернативного - через β2-адренорецепторы. Транскрибируемые с обоих промоторов мРНК подвергаются альтернативному сплайсингу с образованием укороченных изоформ PGC-1α, которые обладают значительно большей устойчивостью к деградации и регулируют преимущественно ангиогенез, тогда как полноразмерные изоформы - биогенез митохондрий. Существование нескольких изоформ частично объясняет широкий спектр функций этого белка и повышает способность организма адаптироваться к различным физиологическим стимулам. Регуляция экспрессии гена PGC-1α с помощью различных сигнальных путей позволяет рассчитывать на разработку фармакологических способов воздействия на экспрессию этого гена. Это может иметь важное значение для лечения и профилактики различных заболеваний, таких, как метаболический синдром и сахарный диабет. Изучение механизмов, регулирующих экспрессию гена PGC-1α, и их функциональной роли может позволить управлять экспрессией этого гена с помощью физических нагрузок и/или фармакологических воздействий.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alternative splicing</kwd><kwd>alternative promoter</kwd><kwd>skeletal muscle</kwd><kwd>PGC-1α</kwd><kwd>gene expression</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>альтернативный сплайсинг</kwd><kwd>альтернативный промотор</kwd><kwd>скелетная мышца</kwd><kwd>PGC-1α</kwd><kwd>экспрессия гена</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 14-15-00768).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана Российским научным фондом (грант № 14-15-00768).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Pedersen B.K., Febbraio M.A. // Nat. Rev. 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