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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10462</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2015-7-4-46-55</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Stem Cells: Plasticity Works against Therapy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Раковые стволовые клетки: пластичность против терапии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградова</surname><given-names>T. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vintv56@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernov</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернов</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vintv56@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Monastyrskaya</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Монастырская</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vintv56@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratyeva</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vintv56@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sverdlov</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свердлов</surname><given-names>E. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vintv56@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 7, NO4 (2015)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 7, №4 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Vinogradova T.V., Chernov I.P., Monastyrskaya G.S., Kondratyeva L.G., Sverdlov E.D.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Виноградова T.В., Чернов И.П., Монастырская Г.С., Кондратьева Л.Г., Свердлов E.Д.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vinogradova T.V., Chernov I.P., Monastyrskaya G.S., Kondratyeva L.G., Sverdlov E.D.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Виноградова T.В., Чернов И.П., Монастырская Г.С., Кондратьева Л.Г., Свердлов E.Д.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10462">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10462</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Great successes in identification and deciphering of mechanisms of the adult stem cells regulation have given rise to the idea that stem cells can also function in tumors as central elements of their development, starting from the initial stage and continuing until metastasis. Such cells were called cancer stem cells (CSCs). Over the course of intense discussion, the CSCs hypothesis gradually began to be perceived as an obvious fact. Recently, the existence of CSCs has been indeed confirmed in a number of works. However, when are CSCs universal prerequisites of tumors and to what extent their role is essential for tumor evolution remains an issue far from resolved. Likewise, the problem of potential use of CSCs as therapeutic targets remains unsolved. The present review attempts to analyze the issue of cancer stem cells and the potential of targeting them in tumor therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Крупные успехи в идентификации и расшифровке механизмов регуляции взрослых стволовых клеток позволили предположить, что стволовые клетки могут функционировать и в опухолях, являясь центральными элементами их развития, начиная с начальной стадии и завершая метастазированием. Такие клетки получили название раковых стволовых клеток (РСК). В процессе интенсивной дискуссии гипотеза РСК постепенно стала восприниматься как очевидный факт. Действительно, недавно получено подтверждение существования РСК. Однако можно ли считать РСК универсальными пререквизитами опухоли и насколько существенна их роль в эволюции опухоли, остается проблемой, весьма далекой от решения. Далека от решения и проблема возможности использования РСК в качестве мишеней для терапии. В настоящем обзоре cделана попытка проанализировать проблему опухолевых стволовых клеток и перспективность терапии опухолей с использованием этих клеток в качестве мишеней.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hierarchical structure of the tumor</kwd><kwd>clonal evolution</kwd><kwd>cancer</kwd><kwd>cancer stem cells</kwd><kwd>stem cells</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>иерархическая структура опухоли</kwd><kwd>клональная эволюция</kwd><kwd>рак</kwd><kwd>раковые стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>стволовые клетки</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out with a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 14-50-00131).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 14-50-00131).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Maenhaut C., Dumont J.E., Roger P.P., van Staveren W.C. // Carcinogenesis. 2010, V.31, №2, P.149-158</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>[2] Moitra K., Lou H., Dean M. // Clin. 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