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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10459</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2015-7-4-34-45</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Study of Functional and Allosteric Sites in Protein Superfamilies</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изучение функциональных и аллостерических сайтов в суперсемействах белков</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suplatov</surname><given-names>D. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суплатов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vytas@belozersky.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Švedas</surname><given-names>V. К.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швядас</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vytas@belozersky.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химической биологии им. А.Н. Белозерского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff3"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химической биологии им. А.Н. Белозерского</institution></aff><aff id="aff4"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 7, NO4 (2015)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 7, №4 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Suplatov D.А., Švedas V.К.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Суплатов Д.А., Швядас В.К.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Suplatov D.А., Švedas V.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Суплатов Д.А., Швядас В.К.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10459">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10459</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The interaction of proteins (enzymes) with a variety of low-molecular-weight compounds, as well as protein-protein interactions, is the most important factor in the regulation of their functional properties. To date, research effort has routinely focused on studying ligand binding to the functional sites of proteins (active sites of enzymes), whereas the molecular mechanisms of allosteric regulation, as well as binding to other pockets and cavities in protein structures, remained poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that allostery may be an intrinsic property of virtually all proteins. Novel approaches are needed to systematically analyze the architecture and role of various binding sites and establish the relationship between structure, function, and regulation. Computational biology, bioinformatics, and molecular modeling can be used to search for new regulatory centers, characterize their structural peculiarities, as well as compare different pockets in homologous proteins, study the molecular mechanisms of allostery, and understand the communication between topologically independent binding sites in protein structures. The establishment of an evolutionary relationship between different binding centers within protein superfamilies and the discovery of new functional and allosteric (regulatory) sites using computational approaches can improve our understanding of the structure-function relationship in proteins and provide new opportunities for drug design and enzyme engineering.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>К важнейшим факторам регуляции функциональных свойств белков (ферментов) относится их взаимодействие с различными низкомолекулярными соединениями, а также белок-белковые взаимодействия. К настоящему времени наиболее хорошо изучены молекулярные механизмы действия лигандов, которые связываются в функциональных сайтах белков (активных центрах ферментов), в то время как механизмы аллостерической регуляции или связывания в других центрах изучены недостаточно. Исследования последнего времени показывают, что аллостерия может быть свойством практически всех белков, и для систематического анализа организации и роли различных сайтов, установления взаимосвязи между их структурой, функцией и регуляцией необходимы новые подходы. Современные методы компьютерной биологии, биоинформатики и молекулярного моделирования позволяют вести поиск новых центров связывания регуляторных лигандов, изучать особенности их структурной организации, сходство различных сайтов в гомологичных белках, молекулярные механизмы аллостерии, а также взаимосвязи функции и регуляции. Установление эволюционных взаимосвязей между различными центрами связывания в суперсемействах белков, открытие новых функциональных, аллостерических и регуляторных сайтов с использованием вычислительных подходов должны улучшить наше понимание структурно-функциональных взаимосвязей в белках, предоставить новые возможности для создания лекарственных средств и дизайна более эффективных биокатализаторов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>binding sites</kwd><kwd>catalytic site</kwd><kwd>allosteric site</kwd><kwd>function</kwd><kwd>regulation</kwd><kwd>structure-function relationship</kwd><kwd>bioinformatics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>центры связывания</kwd><kwd>каталитический сайт</kwd><kwd>аллостерический сайт</kwd><kwd>функция</kwd><kwd>регуляция</kwd><kwd>структурно-функциональные взаимосвязи</kwd><kwd>биоинформатика</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 15-14-00069).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (грант № 15-14-00069).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Thornton J.M., Todd A.E., Milburn D., Borkakoti N., Orengo C.A. // Nat. 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