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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10453</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2015-7-4-11-21</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies against HIV-1 As a Novel Aspect of the Immune Response</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Антитела, нейтрализующие широкий спектр изолятов ВИЧ-1, - новая грань иммунной системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbakov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербаков</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>scherbakov_dn@vector.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakulina</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакулина</surname><given-names>A. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>scherbakov_dn@vector.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpenko</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпенко</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>scherbakov_dn@vector.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyichev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильичев</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>scherbakov_dn@vector.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State research center of virology and biotechnology “Vector”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Алтайский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State research center of virology and biotechnology “Vector”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State research center of virology and biotechnology “Vector”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff5"><institution>Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор»</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 7, NO4 (2015)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 7, №4 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Shcherbakov D.N., Bakulina A.Y., Karpenko L.I., Ilyichev A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Щербаков Д.Н., Бакулина A.Ю., Карпенко Л.И., Ильичев A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shcherbakov D.N., Bakulina A.Y., Karpenko L.I., Ilyichev A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щербаков Д.Н., Бакулина A.Ю., Карпенко Л.И., Ильичев A.A.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10453">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10453</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) has the ability to evade the adaptive immune response due to high mutation rates. Soon after the discovery of HIV-1, it was originally proposed that neutralizing of antibodies to the virus occurs rarely or cannot be elicited at all. In the 1990s, there appeared reports that sera of select HIV-1-infected individuals contained antibodies capable of neutralizing different virus subtypes. Such antibodies were named broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). Since 2009, the development of new cell technologies has intensified research efforts directed at identifying new bNAbs with a neutralization potency of over 90% of primary HIV-1 isolates. These antibodies have unique characteristics which include high levels of somatic mutations and unusually long variable loops that penetrate through the glycan shield of HIV-1 Env to contact the protein surface. In this review, we will attempt to summarize the latest data on bNAbs against HIV-1 in terms of their interactions with the sites of vulnerability on HIV-1 glycoproteins.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Вирус иммунодефицита человека-1 (ВИЧ-1) обладает способностью уходить от адаптивного иммунного ответа благодаря высокой скорости мутирования. В первые годы после открытия ВИЧ-1 достаточно широко было распространено мнение, что протективные антитела, нейтрализующие вирус, встречаются редко или их вообще не существует. В 1990-х появились первые сообщения о том, что в сыворотках некоторых ВИЧ-1-инфицированных присутствуют антитела, способные нейтрализовать различные подтипы вируса. Такие антитела получили название широконейтрализующих (broadly neutralizing antibodies, bNAbs). С 2009 года благодаря появлению новых клеточных технологий резко выросло количество публикаций, освященных получению bNAbs, способных нейтрализовать более 90% первичных изолятов ВИЧ-1. bNAbs отличаются от обычных антител рядом особенностей, а именно высоким уровнем соматических мутаций и необычно протяженными вариабельными петлями, что обеспечивает им возможность связываться с консервативными, но малодоступными районами Env ВИЧ-1. Представленный обзор посвящен описанию широконейтрализующих антител против ВИЧ-1, классифицированных по их взаимодействию с районами уязвимости на поверхности гликопротеинов вируса.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV-1</kwd><kwd>gp120</kwd><kwd>gp41</kwd><kwd>bNAbs</kwd><kwd>Broadly neutralizing antibodies</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-1</kwd><kwd>gp120</kwd><kwd>gp41</kwd><kwd>bNAbs</kwd><kwd>широконейтрализующие антитела</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by RSF (contract No. 14-14-00660).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке РНФ (соглашение № 14-14-00660).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Deyev S.M., Lebedenko E.N. // Acta Naturae. 2009, V.1, P.32-50</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>[2] Deyev S.M., Lebedenko E.N., Petrovskaya L.E.E., Dolgikh D.A., Gabibov A.G., Kirpichnikov M. 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