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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10406</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2016-8-3-6-16</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Ex Vivo Expansion of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells from Umbilical Cord Blood</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экспансия гемопоэтических стволовых и прогениторных клеток пуповинной крови ex vivo</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sotnezova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сотнезова</surname><given-names>E. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>buravkova@imbp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>E. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>buravkova@imbp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoriev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьев</surname><given-names>A. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>buravkova@imbp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Buravkova</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буравкова</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>buravkova@imbp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Институт медико-биологических проблем РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 8, NO3 (2016)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 8, №3 (2016)</issue-title><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2016, Sotnezova E.V., Andreeva E.R., Grigoriev A.I., Buravkova L.B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2016, Сотнезова E.В., Андреева E.Р., Григорьев A.И., Буравкова Л.Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sotnezova E.V., Andreeva E.R., Grigoriev A.I., Buravkova L.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сотнезова E.В., Андреева E.Р., Григорьев A.И., Буравкова Л.Б.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10406">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10406</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Transplantation of umbilical cord blood cells is currently widely used in modern cell therapy. However, the limited number of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and prolonged time of recovery after the transplantation are significant limitations in the use of cord blood. Ex vivo expansion with various cytokine combinations is one of the most common approaches for increasing the number of HSPCs from one cord blood unit. In addition, there are protocols that enable ex vivo amplification of cord blood cells based on native hematopoietic microenvironmental cues, including stromal components and the tissue-relevant oxygen level. The newest techniques for ex vivo expansion of HSPCs are based on data from the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms governing the hematopoietic niche function. Application of these methods has provided an improvement of several important clinical outcomes. Alternative methods of cord blood transplantation enhancement based on optimization of HPSC homing and engraftment in patient tissues have also been successful. The goal of the present review is to analyze recent methodological approaches to cord blood HSPC ex vivo amplification.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В настоящее время трансплантация клеток пуповинной крови активно применяется в клинической практике, однако существенным ее недостатком является ограниченное количество гемопоэтических стволовых клеток и длительное время восстановления пациентов после трансплантации. Увеличить количество гемопоэтических стволовых и прогениторных клеток пуповинной крови можно путем экспансии ex vivo с использованием различных комбинаций цитокинов. Кроме этого, существуют методические подходы, обеспечивающие амплификацию клеток пуповинной крови ex vivo при взаимодействии с естественными для гемопоэтических клеток факторами микроокружения, в том числе со стромальным компонентом и тканевым содержанием кислорода. Развитие молекулярно-генетических методов анализа привело к расширению представлений о механизмах, опосредующих функционирование гемопоэтической ниши, что позволило разработать новые технологические приемы амплификации клеток пуповинной крови. С помощью таких подходов улучшен ряд важных клинических показателей восстановления кроветворения. Хорошие результаты получены при повышении эффективности трансплантации пуповинной крови путем создания оптимальных условий для хоминга и приживления клеток в костном мозге реципиента. В настоящем обзоре рассмотрены современные методические подходы, направленные на повышение эффективности применения гемопоэтических клеток пуповинной крови.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cord blood</kwd><kwd>hematopoietic stem cells</kwd><kwd>ex vivo expansion</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гемопоэтические стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>пуповинная кровь</kwd><kwd>экспансия клеток ex vivo</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Program of the Presidium of RAS “Fundamental Research for the Development of Biomedical Technologies”.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Программы Президиума РАН «Фундаментальные исследования для разработки биомедицинских технологий».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Kögler G., Radke T.F., Lefort A., Sensken S., Fischer J., Sorg R.V., Wernet P. // Exp Hematol. 2005, V.33, №5, P.573-583</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>[2] Kögler G., Sensken S., Airey J.A., Trapp T., Müschen M., Feldhahn N., Liedtke S., Sorg R.V., Fischer J., Rosenbaum C. // J Exp Med. 2004, V.200, №2, P.123-135</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>[3] Kögler G., Sensken S., Wernet P. // Exp Hematol. 2006, V.34, №11, P.1589-1595</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>[4] Sensken S., Waclawczyk S., Knaupp A.S., Trapp T., Enczmann J., Wernet P., Kogler G. // Cytotherapy. 2007, V.9, №4, P.362-378</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>[5] Greschat S., Schira J., Küry P., Rosenbaum C., de Souza Silva M.A., Kögler G., Wernet P., Müller H.W. // Stem Cells Dev. 2008, V.17, №2, P.221-232</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>[6] Musina R.A., Bekchanova E.S., Belyavskii A.V., Grinenko T.S., Sukhikh G.T. // Bull Exp Biol Med. 2007, V.143, №1, P.127-31</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>[7] Erices A., Conget P., Minguell J. 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