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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10405</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2017-9-1-88-98</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Search for Modified DNA Sites with the Human Methyl-CpG-Binding Enzyme MBD4</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Поиск поврежденных участков ДНК метил-СpG-связывающим ферментом MBD4</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovlev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлев</surname><given-names>Д. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>fedorova@niboch.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>fedorova@niboch.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>O. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>fedorova@niboch.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Н. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nikita.kuznetsov@niboch.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины СО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 9, NO1 (2017)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 9, №1 (2017)</issue-title><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Yakovlev D.A., Kuznetsova A.A., Fedorova O.S., Kuznetsov N.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, Яковлев Д.A., Кузнецова A.A., Федорова O.С., Кузнецов Н.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakovlev D.A., Kuznetsova A.A., Fedorova O.S., Kuznetsov N.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яковлев Д.A., Кузнецова A.A., Федорова O.С., Кузнецов Н.A.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10405">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10405</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The MBD4 enzyme initiates the process of DNA demethylation by the excision of modified DNA bases, resulting in the formation of apurinic/apyrimidinic sites. MBD4 contains a methyl-CpG-binding domain which provides the localization of the enzyme at the CpG sites, and a DNA glycosylase domain that is responsible for the catalytic activity. The aim of this work was to clarify the mechanisms of specific site recognition and formation of catalytically active complexes between model DNA substrates and the catalytic N-glycosylase domain MBD4cat. The conformational changes in MBD4cat and DNA substrates during their interaction were recorded in real time by stopped-flow detection of the fluorescence of tryptophan residues in the enzyme and fluorophores in DNA. A kinetic scheme of MBD4cat interaction with DNA was proposed, and the rate constants for the formation and decomposition of transient reaction intermediates were calculated. Using DNA substrates of different lengths, the formation of the catalytically active complex was shown to follow the primary DNA binding step which is responsible for the search and recognition of the modified base. The results reveal that in the primary complex of MBD4cat with DNA containing modified nucleotides, local melting and bending of the DNA strand occur. On the next step, when the catalytically competent conformation of the enzyme-substrate complex is formed, the modified nucleotide is everted from the double DNA helix into the active center and the void in the helix is filled by the enzyme’s amino acids.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Метил-СpG-связывающий фермент MBD4 инициирует процесс деметилирования ДНК, удаляя модифицированное азотистое основание и формируя апуриновые/апиримидиновые сайты в ДНК. MBD4 содержит два домена - метилцитозинсвязывающий, обеспечивающий локализацию фермента в CpG- доменах ДНК, и ДНК-гликозилазный, отвечающий за каталитическую активность. Изучены механизмы специфического узнавания сайтов деметилирования и образования каталитически активного комплекса между модельными ДНК-субстратами и каталитическим N-гликозилазным доменом MBD4cat. Методом остановленной струи в режиме реального времени по изменению интенсивности флуоресценции остатков триптофана в MBD4cat и флуорофоров в ДНК зарегистрированы конформационные переходы в белке и ДНК-субстратах в процессе их взаимодействия, установлен кинетический механизм и рассчитаны константы скорости образования и распада интермедиатов реакции. Используя дуплексы разной длины, показали, что образованию каталитически активного комплекса MBD4cat предшествует стадия первичного связывания с ДНК, на которой происходят поиск и узнавание модифицированного основания. Установлена природа взаимных конформационных перестроек в процессе взаимодействия ДНК-гликозилазы MBD4cat с ДНК, содержащей модифицированные нуклеотиды.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>MBD4</kwd><kwd>DNA demethylation</kwd><kwd>DNA repair</kwd><kwd>pre-steady-state kinetics</kwd><kwd>conformational dynamics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>MBD4</kwd><kwd>деметилирование ДНК</kwd><kwd>конформационная динамика</kwd><kwd>предстационарная кинетика</kwd><kwd>репарация ДНК</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the RAS Programme “Molecular and Cellular Biology” (No. 6.11), grants of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (No. 16-04-00037 O.S.F., No. 15-04-00467 K.A.A., No. 15-34-20121 N.A.K.). Using the funds of the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 16-14-10038, a pre-stationary kinetic analysis of the interaction of the MBD4cat enzyme with DNA substrates was performed.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана программой РАН «Молекулярная и клеточная биология» (№ 6.11), грантами РФФИ (№ 16-04-00037 О.С.Ф., № 15-04-00467 К.А.А., № 15-34-20121 Н.А.К.). За счет средств гранта РНФ № 16-14-10038 выполнен предстационарный кинетический анализ взаимодействия фермента MBD4чат c ДНК-субстратами.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Zheng G., Fu Y., He C. // Chem. Rev. 2014, V.114, P.4602-4620</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>[2] Sjolund A.B., Senejani A.G., Sweasy J.B. // Mutat. 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