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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10393</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2017-9-2-88-93</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparing New-Generation Candidate Vaccines against Human Orthopoxvirus Infections</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнение кандидатных вакцин нового поколения против ортопоксвирусных инфекций человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksyutov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максютов</surname><given-names>Р. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>maksrinat@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakubitskyi</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якубицкий</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>maksrinat@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolosova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колосова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>maksrinat@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchelkunov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щелкунов</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>snshchel@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology «Vector»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор» Роспотребнадзора</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 9, NO2 (2017)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 9, №2 (2017)</issue-title><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Maksyutov R.A., Yakubitskyi S.N., Kolosova I.V., Shchelkunov S.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, Максютов Р.A., Якубицкий С.Н., Колосова И.В., Щелкунов С.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Maksyutov R.A., Yakubitskyi S.N., Kolosova I.V., Shchelkunov S.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Максютов Р.A., Якубицкий С.Н., Колосова И.В., Щелкунов С.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10393">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10393</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The lack of immunity to the variola virus in the population, increasingly more frequent cases of human orthopoxvirus infection, and increased risk of the use of the variola virus (VARV) as a bioterrorism agent call for the development of modern, safe vaccines against orthopoxvirus infections. We previously developed a polyvalent DNA vaccine based on five VARV antigens and an attenuated variant of the vaccinia virus (VACV) with targeted deletion of six genes (VACΔ6). Independent experiments demonstrated that triple immunization with a DNA vaccine and double immunization with VACΔ6 provide protection to mice against a lethal dose (10 LD50) of the ectromelia virus (ECTV), which is highly pathogenic for mice. The present work was aimed at comparing the immunity to smallpox generated by various immunization protocols using the DNA vaccine and VACΔ6. It has been established that immunization of mice with a polyvalent DNA vaccine, followed by boosting with recombinant VACΔ6, as well as double immunization with VACΔ6, induces production of VACV-neutralizing antibodies and provides protection to mice against a 150 LD50 dose of ECTV. The proposed immunization protocols can be used to develop safe vaccination strategies against smallpox and other human orthopoxvirus infections.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Отсутствие у населения противооспенного иммунитета, участившиеся случаи поражения человека ортопоксвирусами и увеличивающиеся риски применения вируса натуральной оспы (variola virus, VARV) в качестве агента биотерроризма требуют разработки современных безопасных вакцин против ортопоксвирусных инфекций. Ранее нами были получены поливалентная ДНК-вакцина на основе пяти антигенов VARV и аттенуированный вариант вируса осповакцины (vaccinia virus, VACV) с направленной делецией шести генов (VAC∆6). В независимых опытах показано, что трехкратная иммунизация ДНК-вакциной и двукратная иммунизация VAC∆6 обеспечивали защиту мышей от летальной дозы (10 LD50) высокопатогенного для них вируса эктромелии (ectromelia virus, ECTV). Цель представленной работы состояла в сравнении противооспенного иммунитета, формируемого при различных схемах иммунизации ДНК-вакциной и VAC∆6. Установлено, что иммунизация мышей поливалентной ДНК-вакциной с последующим бустированием рекомбинантным вариантом VAC∆6 наравне с двукратной иммунизацией VAC∆6 индуцирует наработку VACV-нейтрализующих антител и обеспечивает защиту мышей от дозы 150 LD50 ECTV. Предложенные схемы иммунизации могут быть использованы для разработки стратегии безопасной вакцинации против натуральной оспы и других ортопоксвирусных инфекций человека.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>DNA vaccine</kwd><kwd>vaccinia virus</kwd><kwd>virulence genes</kwd><kwd>protective potential</kwd><kwd>smallpox</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус осповакцины</kwd><kwd>гены вирулентности</kwd><kwd>ДНК-вакцина</kwd><kwd>натуральная оспа</kwd><kwd>протективность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Federal Target Programme National System of Chemical and Biological Safety (2009-2014), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant number 15-04-01326a), the Russian Science Foundation (Project No 16-15-10101), and budgetary project of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences No 0324-2015-0004.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке федеральной целевой программы «Национальная система химической и биологической безопасности (2009–2014 годы)», Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (грант № 15-04-01326а), Российского научного фонда (проект № 16-15-10101) и бюджетного проекта ИЦиГ СО РАН № 0324-2015-0004.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Marennikova S.S., Shchelkunov S.N. // Pathogenic for humans orthopoxviruses. 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