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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10385</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2017-9-2-17-33</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Glutamyl Endopeptidases: The Puzzle of Substrate Specificity</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Глутамилэндопептидазы: загадка субстратной специфичности</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidyuk</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидюк</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>duk@img.ras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chukhontseva</surname><given-names>K. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чухонцева</surname><given-names>K. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>duk@img.ras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostrov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костров</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>duk@img.ras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт молекулярной генетики РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 9, NO2 (2017)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 9, №2 (2017)</issue-title><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Demidyuk I.V., Chukhontseva K.N., Kostrov S.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, Демидюк И.В., Чухонцева K.Н., Костров С.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Demidyuk I.V., Chukhontseva K.N., Kostrov S.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Демидюк И.В., Чухонцева K.Н., Костров С.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10385">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10385</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Glutamyl endopeptidases (GEPases) are chymotrypsin-like enzymes that preferentially cleave the peptide bonds of the α-carboxyl groups of glutamic acid. Despite the many years of research, the structural determinants underlying the strong substrate specificity of GEPases still remain unclear. In this review, data concerning the molecular mechanisms that determine the substrate preference of GEPases is generalized. In addition, the biological functions of and modern trends in the research into these enzymes are outlined.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Глутамилэндопептидазы (ГЭПазы) - ферменты, относящиеся к структурной группе химотрипсина и предпочтительно гидролизующие связи α-карбоксильных групп глутаминовой кислоты. Несмотря на многолетнюю историю исследований, структурные детерминанты, определяющие строгую субстратную специфичность ГЭПаз, остаются невыясненными. В обзоре обобщены данные о молекулярных механизмах, лежащих в основе субстратных предпочтений ГЭПаз, а также кратко рассмотрены современные направления изучения этих ферментов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>3C-like serine protease</kwd><kwd>chymotrypsin-like protease</kwd><kwd>epidermolytic toxin</kwd><kwd>glutamyl endopeptidase</kwd><kwd>substrate specificity</kwd><kwd>V8 protease</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глутамилэндопептидаза</kwd><kwd>протеаза V8</kwd><kwd>субстратная специфичность</kwd><kwd>химотрипсиноподобная протеаза</kwd><kwd>3C-подобная сериновая протеаза</kwd><kwd>эпидермолитический токсин</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 14-14-00526).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана Российским научным фондом (грант № 14-14-00526).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Demidiuk I.V., Kostrov S.V. // Mol Biol (Mosk). 1999, V.33, №1, P.100-105</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>[2] Mil’gotina E.I., Voiushina T.L., Chestukhina G.G. // Bioorg Khim. 2003, V.29, №6, P.563-576</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>[3] Dancer S.J., Garratt R., Saldanha J., Jhoti H., Evans R. // FEBS Lett. 1990, V.268, №1, P.129-132</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>[4] Hanakawa Y., Schechter N.M., Lin C., Nishifuji K., Amagai M., Stanley J.R. // J. 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