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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10361</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2017-9-4-31-41</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Genome Stability Maintenance in Naked Mole-Rat</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Поддержание стабильности генома у Heterocephalus glabe</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petruseva</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрусева</surname><given-names>И. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lavrik@niboch.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Evdokimov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евдокимов</surname><given-names>A. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lavrik@niboch.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lavrik</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лаврик</surname><given-names>O. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lavrik@niboch.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины СО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет Министерства образования и науки РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Altai State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Алтайский государственный университет Министерства образования и науки РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 9, NO4 (2017)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 9, №4 (2017)</issue-title><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Petruseva I.O., Evdokimov A.N., Lavrik O.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, Петрусева И.O., Евдокимов A.Н., Лаврик O.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petruseva I.O., Evdokimov A.N., Lavrik O.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петрусева И.O., Евдокимов A.Н., Лаврик O.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10361">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10361</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is one of the most promising models used to study genome maintenance systems, including the effective repair of damage to DNA. The naked mole-rat is the longest lived rodent species, which is extraordinarily resistant to cancer and has a number of other unique phenotypic traits. For at least 80% of its lifespan, this animal shows no signs of aging or any increased likelihood of death and retains the ability to reproduce. The naked mole-rat draws the heightened attention of researchers who study the molecular basis of lengthy lifespan and cancer resistance. Despite the fact that the naked mole-rat lives under genotoxic stress conditions (oxidative, etc.), the main characteristics of its genome and proteome are a high stability and effective functioning. Replicative senescence in the somatic cells of naked mole-rats is missing, while an additional p53/pRb-dependent mechanism of early contact inhibition has been revealed in its fibroblasts, which controls cell proliferation and its mechanism of arf-dependent aging. The unique traits of phenotypic and molecular adaptations found in the naked mole-rat speak to a high stability and effective functioning of the molecular machinery that counteract damage accumulation in its genome. This review analyzes existing results in the study of the molecular basis of longevity and high cancer resistance in naked mole-rats.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Heterocephalus glaber (голый землекоп) - одна из перспективных моделей для изучения функционирования систем поддержания стабильности генома, в том числе и за счет эффективной репарации повреждений ДНК. H. glaber отличается высокой продолжительностью жизни, повышенной устойчивостью к раковым заболеваниям и рядом других уникальных фенотипических черт. На протяжении по крайней мере 80% жизни это животное не проявляет признаков старения и сохраняет способность к размножению. H. glaber привлекает большое внимание исследователей, занятых изучением молекулярных основ высокой продолжительности жизни и устойчивости к развитию опухолей. Несмотря на то что H. glaber обитает в условиях постоянного генотоксического (окислительного и др.) стресса, его геном и протеом отличаются стабильностью и эффективностью функционирования. В соматических клетках H. glaber отсутствует «репликативное» старение, при этом в фибробластах существует дополнительный p53/pRb-зависимый механизм раннего контактного торможения, контролирующий пролиферацию клеток, а также механизм их arf-зависимого старения. Уникальные фенотипические черты и выявленные особенности функционирования генома, транскриптома и протеома, присущие H. glaber, указывают на высокую прочность и эффективное функционирование молекулярных машин, противостоящих накоплению повреждений в его геноме. В представленном обзоре проанализированы результаты изучения молекулярных механизмов, лежащих в основе высокой продолжительности жизни H. glaber и его способности сопротивляться развитию опухолей.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Heterocephalus glaber</kwd><kwd>cancer resistance</kwd><kwd>genome and proteome stability</kwd><kwd>DNA repair</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Heterocephalus glaber</kwd><kwd>онкоустойчивость</kwd><kwd>стабильность генома и протеома</kwd><kwd>репарация ДНК</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 14-24-00038).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана Российским научным фондом (грант № 14-24-00038).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Scharer O.D. // Angew. Chem. 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