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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10330</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2018-10-3-68-76</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Forum</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Форум</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Whole-Genome Sequencing of Russian Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Isolates Related to ST 1407 Genogroup</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Полногеномное секвенирование российских штаммов Neisseria gonorrhoeae, отнесенных к геногруппе ST 1407</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kubanov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кубанов</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dgderyabin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Runina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рунина</surname><given-names>A. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dgderyabin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chestkov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Честков</surname><given-names>A. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dgderyabin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtseva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцева</surname><given-names>A. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dgderyabin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pekov</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пеков</surname><given-names>Ю. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dgderyabin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Korvigo</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корвиго</surname><given-names>И. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dgderyabin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Deryabin</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дерябин</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dgderyabin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State Research Centre of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт молекулярной биологии им. В.А. Энгельгардта РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ksivalue Data Analysis Studio</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Студия анализа данных «Ксивелью»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 10, NO3 (2018)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 10, №3 (2018)</issue-title><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Kubanov A.A., Runina A.V., Chestkov A.V., Kudryavtseva A.V., Pekov Y.A., Korvigo I.O., Deryabin D.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Кубанов A.A., Рунина A.В., Честков A.В., Кудрявцева A.В., Пеков Ю.A., Корвиго И.O., Дерябин Д.Г.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kubanov A.A., Runina A.V., Chestkov A.V., Kudryavtseva A.V., Pekov Y.A., Korvigo I.O., Deryabin D.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кубанов A.A., Рунина A.В., Честков A.В., Кудрявцева A.В., Пеков Ю.A., Корвиго И.O., Дерябин Д.Г.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10330">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10330</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The whole-genome sequencing data of three N. gonorrhoeae strains isolated in the Russian Federation in 2015 are presented. According to the NG-MAST protocol, these strains are related to the globally spread ST 1407 genogroup. The analysis of their resistomes showed the absence of ermA/B/C/F genes and the presence of wild-type alleles of rpsE, rrs, rrl, rplD, rplV, macAB, and mefA genes, and these patterns explain the susceptibility of the sequenced strains to aminocyclitols (spectinomycin) and macrolides (azithromycin). Conjugative resistance determinants (blaTEM, tetM) were absent in the genomes, and the penC/ pilQ, parE, and norM alleles were shown to be wild-type, whereas single or multiple nucleotide substitutions were identified in the genes encoding targets for β-lactams (ponA, penA), tetracyclines (rpsJ), and fluoroquinolones (gyrA, parC). The additional mutations were found in porB gene and the promoter of mtrR gene, which nonspecifically reduced the susceptibility to antimicrobials due to the membrane permeability decrease and efflux pump overexpression. The diversity of mutations observed in the analyzed genomes prompted a revision of the phylogenetic relationships between the strains by comparing more than 790 groups of housekeeping genes. A high homology between the N. gonorrhoeae ST 1407 and N. gonorrhoeae ST 12556 genomes was confirmed; the latter had probably diverged from a common ancestor as a result of single mutation events. On the other hand, N. gonorrhoeae ST 12450 was an example of phenotypic convergence which appeared in the emergence of new drug resistance determinants that partially coincide with those of the ST 1407 genogroup.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Представлены данные полногеномного секвенирования трех антибиотикорезистентных штаммов Neisseria gonorrhoeae, выделенных в Российской Федерации в 2015 году и по результатам NG-MASTтипирования отнесенных к широко распространенной геногруппе ST 1407. Анализ резистома этих штаммов выявил отсутствие генов ermA/B/C/F, а также сохранение аллелей дикого типа генов rpsE, rrs, rrl, rplD, rplV, macAB и mefA, что объясняет чувствительность к аминоциклитолам (спектиномицин) и макролидам (азитромицин). На фоне отсутствия детерминант резистентности с конъюгативным механизмом передачи (blaTEM, tetM), а также аллелей дикого типа генов penC/pilQ, parE и norM в ряде генов, кодирующих мишени антимикробных препаратов, выявлены одиночные или множественные полиморфизмы, обуславливающие устойчивость к β-лактамным антибиотикам (ponA, pеnA), тетрациклинам (rpsJ) и фторхинолонам (gyrA, parC). Присутствие полиморфизмов дополнялось мутациями в гене porB и промоторе гена mtrR, неспецифически повышающими устойчивость к антибиотикам за счет нарушения их поступления в бактериальную клетку или усиления обратного трансмембранного транспорта. Различия в спектре подобных мутаций потребовали ревизии представлений о степени филогенетической близости исследованных штаммов, выполненной на основе сравнения более 790 групп генов домашнего хозяйства. Подтверждена высокая степень гомологии геномов N. gonorrhoeae ST 1407 и N. gonorrhoeae ST 12556, последний из которых дивергировал, по-видимому, от общего предшественника в результате одиночных мутационных событий. N. gonorrhoeae ST 12450 оказался примером фено- и генотипической конвергенции с геногруппой ST 1407, независимо сформировавшим собственные, хотя и частично идентичные, механизмы антибиотикорезистентности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</kwd><kwd>whole genome sequencing</kwd><kwd>genetic determinants of antimicrobial drug resistance</kwd><kwd>phylogenetic analysis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</kwd><kwd>полногеномное секвенирование</kwd><kwd>антимикробные препараты</kwd><kwd>детерминанты резистентности</kwd><kwd>филогенетический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>[1] Newman L., Rowley J., Vander Hoorn S., Wijesooriya N.S., Unemo M., Low N., Stevens G., Gottlieb S., Kiarie J., Temmerman M. // PLoS One. 2015, V.10, e0143304</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>[2] Kubanova A.A., Kubanov A.A., Melekhina L.E., Bogdanova E.V. // Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii. 2016, №3, P.12-28</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>[3] Ohnishi M., Golparian D., Shimuta K., Saika T., Hoshina S., Iwasaku K., Nakayama S., Kitawaki J., Unemo M. // Antimicrob. 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