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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Acta Naturae</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Acta Naturae</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2075-8251</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Acta Naturae Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10308</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32607/20758251-2019-11-1-74-80</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">CASBench: A Benchmarking Set of Proteins with Annotated Catalytic and Allosteric Sites in Their Structures</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>CASBench: эталонный набор белков с аннотированными каталитическим и аллостерическим сайтами в их структурах</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zlobin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Злобин</surname><given-names>A. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vytas@belozersky.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suplatov</surname><given-names>D. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суплатов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vytas@belozersky.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kopylov</surname><given-names>K. Е.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Копылов</surname><given-names>K. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vytas@belozersky.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Švedas</surname><given-names>V. К.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швядас</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vytas@belozersky.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, НИИ физико-химической биологии им. А.Н. Белозерского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-03-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 11, NO1 (2019)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 11, №1 (2019)</issue-title><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Zlobin A.S., Suplatov D.А., Kopylov K.Е., Švedas V.К.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Злобин A.С., Суплатов Д.А., Копылов K.Е., Швядас В.К.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zlobin A.S., Suplatov D.А., Kopylov K.Е., Švedas V.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Злобин A.С., Суплатов Д.А., Копылов K.Е., Швядас В.К.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10308">https://actanaturae.ru/2075-8251/article/view/10308</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In recent years, the phenomenon of allostery has witnessed growing attention driven by a fundamental interest in new ways to regulate the functional properties of proteins, as well as the prospects of using allosteric sites as targets to design novel drugs with lower toxicity due to a higher selectivity of binding and specificity of the mechanism of action. The currently available bioinformatic methods can sometimes correctly detect previously unknown ligand binding sites in protein structures. However, the development of universal and more efficient approaches requires a deeper understanding of the common and distinctive features of the structural organization of both functional (catalytic) and allosteric sites, the evolution of their amino acid sequences in respective protein families, and allosteric communication pathways. The CASBench benchmark set contains 91 entries related to enzymes with both catalytic and allosteric sites within their structures annotated based on the experimental information from the Allosteric Database, Catalytic Site Atlas, and Protein Data Bank. The obtained dataset can be used to benchmark the performance of existing computational approaches and develop/train perspective algorithms to search for new catalytic and regulatory sites, as well as to study the mechanisms of protein regulation on a large collection of allosteric enzymes. Establishing a relationship between the structure, function, and regulation is expected to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of action of enzymes and open up new prospects for discovering new drugs and designing more efficient biocatalysts. The CASBench can be operated offline on a local computer or online using built-in interactive tools at https://biokinet.belozersky.msu.ru/casbench.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В последние годы все большее внимание уделяется явлению аллостерии. Это обусловлено как фундаментальным интересом к поиску новых путей регуляции функциональных свойств белков, так и перспективами использования аллостерических сайтов в качестве мишеней для дизайна лекарствен ных препаратов с меньшей токсичностью за счет большей селективности связывания и специфичности ме ханизма действия. Современные методы биоинформатики позволяют в отдельных случаях обнаруживать ранее неизвестные центры связывания лигандов, однако для создания более универсальных и эффектив ных подходов необходимо дальнейшее изучение общих закономерностей и отличительных особенностей структурной организации функциональных (каталитических) и аллостерических сайтов, эволюции их аминокислотных последовательностей в семействах гомологичных белков, а также путей аллостерической коммуникации. Эталонный набор CASBench содержит 91 запись о ферментах, в структурах которых на основании экспериментальной информации из баз данных ASD, CSA и PDB аннотированы как катали тические, так и аллостерические сайты. Полученная выборка может быть использована для оценки эф фективности существующих методов и разработки/обучения перспективных алгоритмов поиска новых каталитических и регуляторных сайтов в структурах белков, а также для изучения механизмов аллостерии на большой выборке ферментов. Установление взаимосвязи между структурой, функцией и регуляцией должно улучшить наше понимание механизмов действия ферментов и предоставить новые возможности для создания новых лекарств и дизайна более эффективных биокатализаторов. Работать с CASBench мож но офлайн на локальном компьютере или онлайн с использованием встроенных интерактивных инструмен тов по адресу https://biokinet.belozersky.msu.ru/casbench.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ligand binding sites</kwd><kwd>catalytic site</kwd><kwd>allosteric site</kwd><kwd>benchmarking set</kwd><kwd>protein function and regulation</kwd><kwd>structure-function relationship</kwd><kwd>bioinformatics</kwd><kwd>web server</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аллостерический сайт</kwd><kwd>биоинформатика</kwd><kwd>веб-сервер</kwd><kwd>каталитический сайт</kwd><kwd>структурно-функциональные взаимосвязи</kwd><kwd>функция и регуляция белков</kwd><kwd>центры связывания лигандов</kwd><kwd>эталонный набор</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 15-14-00069) using the equipment of the High Performance Computing Centre at the Moscow State University [52].</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (грант № 15-14-00069) с использованием оборудования Центра коллективного пользования сверхвысокопроизводительными вычислительными ресурсами МГУ им. 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